Abstract
The reflectance of white caps in the open ocean is obtained with a 6-channel spectral radiometer, extended from the bow of a ship, at wavelengths; 410, 440, 510, 670 and 860 nm. In addition to reflectance data, air/water temperature, wind speed and direction are obtained as well as GPS information in order to characterize ocean surface conditions. A visual reference for sea surface conditions measured by the radiometer is recorded using a video camera mounted beside the radiometer. By measuring a small area of the water surface over time, the presence and spectral influence of whitecaps can be quantified.Using this technique the spectral reflectance of individual whitecaps can be measured and tracked through their complete life cycle. Also, integration over a larger time series of ocean surface reflectance data provides a measurement of the augmented or extra contribution from white water reflectance to the water leaving radiance observed by ocean color satellites. Estimates of the augmented reflectance are subsequently correlated to sea surface state, and include the frequency of occurrence and spectral contribution from various levels of white water reflectance as whitecaps grow and decay.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering |
| Pages | 246-251 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Volume | 2963 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 1997 |
| Event | Ocean Optics XIII - Halifax, NS, Canada Duration: Oct 22 1996 → Oct 22 1996 |
Other
| Other | Ocean Optics XIII |
|---|---|
| Country | Canada |
| City | Halifax, NS |
| Period | 10/22/96 → 10/22/96 |
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Keywords
- Augmented reflectance contribution
- Spectral reflectance
- Whitecaps
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Computer Science Applications
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Applied Mathematics
- Condensed Matter Physics
Cite this
Whitecaps : Spectral reflectance in the open ocean and their contribution to water-leaving radiance. / Moore, Karl D.; Voss, Kenneth; Gordon, Howard R.
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. Vol. 2963 1997. p. 246-251.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution
}
TY - GEN
T1 - Whitecaps
T2 - Spectral reflectance in the open ocean and their contribution to water-leaving radiance
AU - Moore, Karl D.
AU - Voss, Kenneth
AU - Gordon, Howard R.
PY - 1997
Y1 - 1997
N2 - The reflectance of white caps in the open ocean is obtained with a 6-channel spectral radiometer, extended from the bow of a ship, at wavelengths; 410, 440, 510, 670 and 860 nm. In addition to reflectance data, air/water temperature, wind speed and direction are obtained as well as GPS information in order to characterize ocean surface conditions. A visual reference for sea surface conditions measured by the radiometer is recorded using a video camera mounted beside the radiometer. By measuring a small area of the water surface over time, the presence and spectral influence of whitecaps can be quantified.Using this technique the spectral reflectance of individual whitecaps can be measured and tracked through their complete life cycle. Also, integration over a larger time series of ocean surface reflectance data provides a measurement of the augmented or extra contribution from white water reflectance to the water leaving radiance observed by ocean color satellites. Estimates of the augmented reflectance are subsequently correlated to sea surface state, and include the frequency of occurrence and spectral contribution from various levels of white water reflectance as whitecaps grow and decay.
AB - The reflectance of white caps in the open ocean is obtained with a 6-channel spectral radiometer, extended from the bow of a ship, at wavelengths; 410, 440, 510, 670 and 860 nm. In addition to reflectance data, air/water temperature, wind speed and direction are obtained as well as GPS information in order to characterize ocean surface conditions. A visual reference for sea surface conditions measured by the radiometer is recorded using a video camera mounted beside the radiometer. By measuring a small area of the water surface over time, the presence and spectral influence of whitecaps can be quantified.Using this technique the spectral reflectance of individual whitecaps can be measured and tracked through their complete life cycle. Also, integration over a larger time series of ocean surface reflectance data provides a measurement of the augmented or extra contribution from white water reflectance to the water leaving radiance observed by ocean color satellites. Estimates of the augmented reflectance are subsequently correlated to sea surface state, and include the frequency of occurrence and spectral contribution from various levels of white water reflectance as whitecaps grow and decay.
KW - Augmented reflectance contribution
KW - Spectral reflectance
KW - Whitecaps
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=15644380672&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=15644380672&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1117/12.266428
DO - 10.1117/12.266428
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:15644380672
VL - 2963
SP - 246
EP - 251
BT - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
ER -