TY - JOUR
T1 - Vitamin C and thiamine are associated with lower mortality in sepsis
AU - Byerly, Saskya
AU - Parreco, Joshua P.
AU - Soe-Lin, Hahn
AU - Parks, Jonathan J.
AU - Lee, Eugenia E.
AU - Shnaydman, Ilya
AU - Mantero, Alejandro
AU - Yeh, D. Dante
AU - Namias, Nicholas
AU - Rattan, Rishi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/7/1
Y1 - 2020/7/1
N2 - BACKGROUND The efficacy of vitamin C (VitC) and thiamine (THMN) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of VitC and THMN on mortality and lactate clearance in ICU patients. We hypothesized that survival and lactate clearance would be improved when treated with thiamine and/or VitC. METHODS The Philips eICU database version 2.0 was queried for patients admitted to the ICU in 2014 to 2015 for 48 hours or longer and patients with sepsis and an elevated lactate of 2.0 mmol/L or greater. Subjects were categorized according to the receipt of VitC, THMN, both, or neither. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcome was lactate clearance defined as lactate less than 2.0 mmol/L achieved after maximum lactate. Univariable comparisons included age, sex, race, Acute Physiology Score III, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IVa score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, surgical ICU admission status, intubation status, hospital region, liver disease, vasopressors, steroids, VitC and THMN orders. Kaplan-Meier curves, logistic regression, propensity score matching, and competing risks modeling were constructed. RESULTS Of 146,687 patients from 186 hospitals, 7.7% (n = 11,330) were included. Overall mortality was 25.9% (n = 2,930). Evidence in favor of an association between VitC and/or THMN administration, and survival was found on log rank test (all p < 0.001). After controlling for confounding factors, VitC (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.69 [0.50-0.95]) and THMN (AOR, 0.71 [0.55-0.93]) were independently associated with survival and THMN was associated with lactate clearance (AOR, 1.50 [1.22-1.96]). On competing risk model VitC (AOR, 0.675 [0.463-0.983]), THMN (AOR, 0.744 [0.569-0.974]), and VitC+THMN (AOR, 0.335 [0.13-0.865]) were associated with survival but not lactate clearance. For subgroup analysis of patients on vasopressors, VitC+THMN were associated with lactate clearance (AOR, 1.85 [1.05-3.24]) and survival (AOR, 0.223 [0.0678-0.735]). CONCLUSION VitC+THMN is associated with increased survival in septic ICU patients. Randomized, multicenter trials are needed to better understand their effects on outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Study, Level IV.
AB - BACKGROUND The efficacy of vitamin C (VitC) and thiamine (THMN) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of VitC and THMN on mortality and lactate clearance in ICU patients. We hypothesized that survival and lactate clearance would be improved when treated with thiamine and/or VitC. METHODS The Philips eICU database version 2.0 was queried for patients admitted to the ICU in 2014 to 2015 for 48 hours or longer and patients with sepsis and an elevated lactate of 2.0 mmol/L or greater. Subjects were categorized according to the receipt of VitC, THMN, both, or neither. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcome was lactate clearance defined as lactate less than 2.0 mmol/L achieved after maximum lactate. Univariable comparisons included age, sex, race, Acute Physiology Score III, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IVa score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, surgical ICU admission status, intubation status, hospital region, liver disease, vasopressors, steroids, VitC and THMN orders. Kaplan-Meier curves, logistic regression, propensity score matching, and competing risks modeling were constructed. RESULTS Of 146,687 patients from 186 hospitals, 7.7% (n = 11,330) were included. Overall mortality was 25.9% (n = 2,930). Evidence in favor of an association between VitC and/or THMN administration, and survival was found on log rank test (all p < 0.001). After controlling for confounding factors, VitC (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.69 [0.50-0.95]) and THMN (AOR, 0.71 [0.55-0.93]) were independently associated with survival and THMN was associated with lactate clearance (AOR, 1.50 [1.22-1.96]). On competing risk model VitC (AOR, 0.675 [0.463-0.983]), THMN (AOR, 0.744 [0.569-0.974]), and VitC+THMN (AOR, 0.335 [0.13-0.865]) were associated with survival but not lactate clearance. For subgroup analysis of patients on vasopressors, VitC+THMN were associated with lactate clearance (AOR, 1.85 [1.05-3.24]) and survival (AOR, 0.223 [0.0678-0.735]). CONCLUSION VitC+THMN is associated with increased survival in septic ICU patients. Randomized, multicenter trials are needed to better understand their effects on outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Study, Level IV.
KW - Vitamin C
KW - sepsis
KW - thiamine
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U2 - 10.1097/TA.0000000000002613
DO - 10.1097/TA.0000000000002613
M3 - Article
C2 - 32039973
AN - SCOPUS:85086884692
VL - 89
SP - 111
EP - 117
JO - Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
JF - Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
SN - 2163-0755
IS - 1
ER -