TY - JOUR
T1 - Using stable isotopes 18O and 2H of lake water and biogeochemical analysis to identify factors affecting water quality in four estuarine Amazonian shallow lakes
AU - da Cunha, Alan Cavalcanti
AU - Sternberg, Leonel da Silveira Lobo
N1 - Funding Information:
National Research Council (CNPq, Grant/ Award Numbers: 303715/2015‐4 and 484509/2011‐0; Net ecosystem exchange of Lower Amazon River (TROCAS ‐ FAPESP), Grant/Award Number: 2012/51187
Funding Information:
This work was funded through the National Research Council (CNPq; Grant 484509/2011‐0 and 303715/2015‐4); FAPESP/TROCAS: Net ecosystem exchange of Lower Amazon River, Grant 2012/51187), Laboratory of Stable Isotopes (Biology Department of the University Miami), as such as the logistic and laboratorial support for this work provided by the UNIFAP. Thanks to PriscilaTavares for the preparation of the maps and geoprocessing of the images (GIS). We also thank the research team for their assistance in the field and laboratory (Geison Silva, Paulo Gibson, and Gilvan Oliveira) in the Laboratory of Chemistry, Sanitation, and Modeling Environmental Systems—LQSMSA/ UNIFAP. Thanks to Sara Neri and Rilton Pereira for the availability of the database for generating maps from the Environmental Secretary of Amapá State (LabGeo/SEMA). Thanks to Huann Vasconcelos for improving the quality of some figures.
PY - 2018/4/30
Y1 - 2018/4/30
N2 - Stable isotopes analyses of oxygen and hydrogen of lake water were used to estimate the effect of evaporation (E) on the water quality of four shallow lakes in the Amapá State coast—Amazon/Brazil. These lakes, with different size and hydrologic conditions, were sampled during the course of the 2015/2016 El-Niño (record-breaking warming/drought in the Amazon rainforest). Hydrometeorological and water quality parameters were simultaneously performed to the isotopic sampling. The results showed that the evaporation process and the water quality can be explained by climate season and distances from the Atlantic Ocean. Lake evaporation losses ranged from ≈0–22% during the wet season in April/2016 and ≈35.7% during the dry season in November/2015. As expected, the evaporation of lake water was greater during the dry season, but it was higher for lakes farther away from the Atlantic Ocean compared with more coastal lakes due to tidal preponderance and the influence of major river channels. The more inland estuarine lakes showed a lower level of salinity (0.00–0.03 ppt) compared with those closer to the Atlantic Ocean (0.01–0.08 ppt). The El Niño phenomenon, with a lower precipitation in the Amazon basin, may initiate salinization of lakes closer to the Atlantic Ocean. Furthermore, strong mean seasonal variations of evaporation (0.06 ≤ E ≤ 0.22) and other hydrologic parameters were observed (precipitation, water temperature, and water depth), with significant effects on the water quality such as salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll (p <.05). We conclude that the occurrence of the extreme climatic events can disrupt the biogeochemical and hydrological balance of these aquatic ecosystems and salinization of lakes closer to the Atlantic Ocean.
AB - Stable isotopes analyses of oxygen and hydrogen of lake water were used to estimate the effect of evaporation (E) on the water quality of four shallow lakes in the Amapá State coast—Amazon/Brazil. These lakes, with different size and hydrologic conditions, were sampled during the course of the 2015/2016 El-Niño (record-breaking warming/drought in the Amazon rainforest). Hydrometeorological and water quality parameters were simultaneously performed to the isotopic sampling. The results showed that the evaporation process and the water quality can be explained by climate season and distances from the Atlantic Ocean. Lake evaporation losses ranged from ≈0–22% during the wet season in April/2016 and ≈35.7% during the dry season in November/2015. As expected, the evaporation of lake water was greater during the dry season, but it was higher for lakes farther away from the Atlantic Ocean compared with more coastal lakes due to tidal preponderance and the influence of major river channels. The more inland estuarine lakes showed a lower level of salinity (0.00–0.03 ppt) compared with those closer to the Atlantic Ocean (0.01–0.08 ppt). The El Niño phenomenon, with a lower precipitation in the Amazon basin, may initiate salinization of lakes closer to the Atlantic Ocean. Furthermore, strong mean seasonal variations of evaporation (0.06 ≤ E ≤ 0.22) and other hydrologic parameters were observed (precipitation, water temperature, and water depth), with significant effects on the water quality such as salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll (p <.05). We conclude that the occurrence of the extreme climatic events can disrupt the biogeochemical and hydrological balance of these aquatic ecosystems and salinization of lakes closer to the Atlantic Ocean.
KW - deuterium excess
KW - evaporation
KW - extreme drought
KW - hydrological processes
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U2 - 10.1002/hyp.11462
DO - 10.1002/hyp.11462
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85038911777
VL - 32
SP - 1188
EP - 1201
JO - Hydrological Processes
JF - Hydrological Processes
SN - 0885-6087
IS - 9
ER -