Abstract
Background: Alcohol use may accelerate HIV disease progression, but the plausible biological mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated. Methods: HIV-positive persons who were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) completed the baseline assessment for a longitudinal study examining the association of alcohol use with HIV disease markers. Oversampling drinkers, baseline samples were tested for markers of monocyte activation (soluble CD14 [sCD14]), inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6]-6), and coagulation (d-dimer). We defined "unhealthy alcohol use" as testing positive using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (≥3 for women and ≥4 for men) in the past 3 months or testing positive using a biomarker of heavy drinking, phosphatidylethanol (≥50 ng/ml). Multiple linear regression was used to examine the associations of unhealthy alcohol use with sCD14, log10 IL-6, and d-dimer. Results: Compared to those who were abstinent from alcohol, unhealthy drinkers had significantly higher sCD14 levels (mean = 1,676 vs. 1,387 ng/ml; mean difference [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 289 [83, 495], p < 0.01). In analyses adjusted for demographic factors, current cigarette smoking, and HIV disease markers, unhealthy drinkers continued to display significantly higher sCD14 levels compared to those who were abstinent from alcohol (adjusted mean = 1,670 vs. 1,406 ng/ml; adjusted mean difference [95% CI] = 264 [47, 480], p = 0.02). Unhealthy alcohol use was not significantly associated with IL-6 or d-dimer levels. Conclusions: Unhealthy alcohol use was independently associated with a marker of monocyte activation (i.e., higher sCD14) that predicts mortality in treated HIV infection. Longitudinal research should examine whether unhealthy alcohol use predicts changes in sCD14 prior to and following ART initiation.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2422-2426 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research |
| Volume | 39 |
| Issue number | 12 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 1 2015 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Alcohol
- HIV/AIDS
- Immune activation
- Microbial translocation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Toxicology
- Psychiatry and Mental health
Cite this
Unhealthy Alcohol Use is Associated with Monocyte Activation Prior to Starting Antiretroviral Therapy. / Carrico, Adam; Hunt, Peter W.; Emenyonu, Nneka I.; Muyindike, Winnie; Ngabirano, Christine; Cheng, Debbie M.; Winter, Michael R.; Samet, Jeffrey H.; Hahn, Judith A.
In: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Vol. 39, No. 12, 01.12.2015, p. 2422-2426.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Unhealthy Alcohol Use is Associated with Monocyte Activation Prior to Starting Antiretroviral Therapy
AU - Carrico, Adam
AU - Hunt, Peter W.
AU - Emenyonu, Nneka I.
AU - Muyindike, Winnie
AU - Ngabirano, Christine
AU - Cheng, Debbie M.
AU - Winter, Michael R.
AU - Samet, Jeffrey H.
AU - Hahn, Judith A.
PY - 2015/12/1
Y1 - 2015/12/1
N2 - Background: Alcohol use may accelerate HIV disease progression, but the plausible biological mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated. Methods: HIV-positive persons who were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) completed the baseline assessment for a longitudinal study examining the association of alcohol use with HIV disease markers. Oversampling drinkers, baseline samples were tested for markers of monocyte activation (soluble CD14 [sCD14]), inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6]-6), and coagulation (d-dimer). We defined "unhealthy alcohol use" as testing positive using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (≥3 for women and ≥4 for men) in the past 3 months or testing positive using a biomarker of heavy drinking, phosphatidylethanol (≥50 ng/ml). Multiple linear regression was used to examine the associations of unhealthy alcohol use with sCD14, log10 IL-6, and d-dimer. Results: Compared to those who were abstinent from alcohol, unhealthy drinkers had significantly higher sCD14 levels (mean = 1,676 vs. 1,387 ng/ml; mean difference [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 289 [83, 495], p < 0.01). In analyses adjusted for demographic factors, current cigarette smoking, and HIV disease markers, unhealthy drinkers continued to display significantly higher sCD14 levels compared to those who were abstinent from alcohol (adjusted mean = 1,670 vs. 1,406 ng/ml; adjusted mean difference [95% CI] = 264 [47, 480], p = 0.02). Unhealthy alcohol use was not significantly associated with IL-6 or d-dimer levels. Conclusions: Unhealthy alcohol use was independently associated with a marker of monocyte activation (i.e., higher sCD14) that predicts mortality in treated HIV infection. Longitudinal research should examine whether unhealthy alcohol use predicts changes in sCD14 prior to and following ART initiation.
AB - Background: Alcohol use may accelerate HIV disease progression, but the plausible biological mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated. Methods: HIV-positive persons who were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) completed the baseline assessment for a longitudinal study examining the association of alcohol use with HIV disease markers. Oversampling drinkers, baseline samples were tested for markers of monocyte activation (soluble CD14 [sCD14]), inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6]-6), and coagulation (d-dimer). We defined "unhealthy alcohol use" as testing positive using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (≥3 for women and ≥4 for men) in the past 3 months or testing positive using a biomarker of heavy drinking, phosphatidylethanol (≥50 ng/ml). Multiple linear regression was used to examine the associations of unhealthy alcohol use with sCD14, log10 IL-6, and d-dimer. Results: Compared to those who were abstinent from alcohol, unhealthy drinkers had significantly higher sCD14 levels (mean = 1,676 vs. 1,387 ng/ml; mean difference [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 289 [83, 495], p < 0.01). In analyses adjusted for demographic factors, current cigarette smoking, and HIV disease markers, unhealthy drinkers continued to display significantly higher sCD14 levels compared to those who were abstinent from alcohol (adjusted mean = 1,670 vs. 1,406 ng/ml; adjusted mean difference [95% CI] = 264 [47, 480], p = 0.02). Unhealthy alcohol use was not significantly associated with IL-6 or d-dimer levels. Conclusions: Unhealthy alcohol use was independently associated with a marker of monocyte activation (i.e., higher sCD14) that predicts mortality in treated HIV infection. Longitudinal research should examine whether unhealthy alcohol use predicts changes in sCD14 prior to and following ART initiation.
KW - Alcohol
KW - HIV/AIDS
KW - Immune activation
KW - Microbial translocation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84955172626&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84955172626&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/acer.12908
DO - 10.1111/acer.12908
M3 - Article
VL - 39
SP - 2422
EP - 2426
JO - Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
JF - Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
SN - 0145-6008
IS - 12
ER -