Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Increased endothelial production of reactive oxygen species and decreased nitric oxide bioactivity, associated with the upregulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (LOX)-1, link hypertension with atherogenesis. We investigated whether the beneficial effects of thiazide diuretics are exclusively related to a reduction in the biomechanical stress of hypertension or are also endowed with pleiotropic vasculoprotective effects that are independent of their effect upon blood pressure. METHODS: Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) rats, a paradigm of human salt-sensitive hypertension, were given a diet with normal salt (0.5% NaCl), high salt (4% NaCl), or a high salt diet plus either hydrochlorothiazide 75 mg/l, chlorthalidone 37 or 75 mg/l in their drinking water for 6 weeks. We determined systolic blood pressure (SBP), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), proteinuria, aortic superoxide anion (O2) production, endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) to acetylcholine, and aortic angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor, LOX-1, and MCP-1 messenger RNA expression (by real-time polymerase chain reaction). RESULTS: DSS rats on a high salt diet developed hypertension, LVH, proteinuria, increased production of aortic O2 (106%), impaired EDR, and aortic upregulation of AT1 receptor (198%), LOX-1 (135%), and MCP-1 (145%). Hydrochlorothiazide as well as the high and low dose of chlorthalidone reduced SBP, LVH, and proteinuria, but did not reduce O2 production, AT1 receptor, LOX-1, or MCP-1 expression, or improved EDR. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that thiazide diuretics do not reduce oxidative stress, improve endothelial function, or prevent the expression of pro-atherogenic molecules. We conclude that thiazide diuretics may not fully provide long-term global cardiovascular protection beyond lowering blood pressure.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 494-500 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Journal of Hypertension |
| Volume | 26 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 1 2008 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Antihypertensive drugs
- Basic science
- Cardiovascular disease
- Endothelium
- Oxidant stress
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Internal Medicine
- Endocrinology
Cite this
Thiazide diuretics, endothelial function, and vascular oxidative stress. / Zhou, Ming Sheng; Schulman, Ivonne H; Jaimes, Edgar A.; Raij, Leopoldo.
In: Journal of Hypertension, Vol. 26, No. 3, 01.03.2008, p. 494-500.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Thiazide diuretics, endothelial function, and vascular oxidative stress
AU - Zhou, Ming Sheng
AU - Schulman, Ivonne H
AU - Jaimes, Edgar A.
AU - Raij, Leopoldo
PY - 2008/3/1
Y1 - 2008/3/1
N2 - OBJECTIVES: Increased endothelial production of reactive oxygen species and decreased nitric oxide bioactivity, associated with the upregulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (LOX)-1, link hypertension with atherogenesis. We investigated whether the beneficial effects of thiazide diuretics are exclusively related to a reduction in the biomechanical stress of hypertension or are also endowed with pleiotropic vasculoprotective effects that are independent of their effect upon blood pressure. METHODS: Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) rats, a paradigm of human salt-sensitive hypertension, were given a diet with normal salt (0.5% NaCl), high salt (4% NaCl), or a high salt diet plus either hydrochlorothiazide 75 mg/l, chlorthalidone 37 or 75 mg/l in their drinking water for 6 weeks. We determined systolic blood pressure (SBP), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), proteinuria, aortic superoxide anion (O2) production, endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) to acetylcholine, and aortic angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor, LOX-1, and MCP-1 messenger RNA expression (by real-time polymerase chain reaction). RESULTS: DSS rats on a high salt diet developed hypertension, LVH, proteinuria, increased production of aortic O2 (106%), impaired EDR, and aortic upregulation of AT1 receptor (198%), LOX-1 (135%), and MCP-1 (145%). Hydrochlorothiazide as well as the high and low dose of chlorthalidone reduced SBP, LVH, and proteinuria, but did not reduce O2 production, AT1 receptor, LOX-1, or MCP-1 expression, or improved EDR. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that thiazide diuretics do not reduce oxidative stress, improve endothelial function, or prevent the expression of pro-atherogenic molecules. We conclude that thiazide diuretics may not fully provide long-term global cardiovascular protection beyond lowering blood pressure.
AB - OBJECTIVES: Increased endothelial production of reactive oxygen species and decreased nitric oxide bioactivity, associated with the upregulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (LOX)-1, link hypertension with atherogenesis. We investigated whether the beneficial effects of thiazide diuretics are exclusively related to a reduction in the biomechanical stress of hypertension or are also endowed with pleiotropic vasculoprotective effects that are independent of their effect upon blood pressure. METHODS: Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) rats, a paradigm of human salt-sensitive hypertension, were given a diet with normal salt (0.5% NaCl), high salt (4% NaCl), or a high salt diet plus either hydrochlorothiazide 75 mg/l, chlorthalidone 37 or 75 mg/l in their drinking water for 6 weeks. We determined systolic blood pressure (SBP), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), proteinuria, aortic superoxide anion (O2) production, endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) to acetylcholine, and aortic angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor, LOX-1, and MCP-1 messenger RNA expression (by real-time polymerase chain reaction). RESULTS: DSS rats on a high salt diet developed hypertension, LVH, proteinuria, increased production of aortic O2 (106%), impaired EDR, and aortic upregulation of AT1 receptor (198%), LOX-1 (135%), and MCP-1 (145%). Hydrochlorothiazide as well as the high and low dose of chlorthalidone reduced SBP, LVH, and proteinuria, but did not reduce O2 production, AT1 receptor, LOX-1, or MCP-1 expression, or improved EDR. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that thiazide diuretics do not reduce oxidative stress, improve endothelial function, or prevent the expression of pro-atherogenic molecules. We conclude that thiazide diuretics may not fully provide long-term global cardiovascular protection beyond lowering blood pressure.
KW - Antihypertensive drugs
KW - Basic science
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Endothelium
KW - Oxidant stress
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=39849105847&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=39849105847&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282f3e39d
DO - 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282f3e39d
M3 - Article
C2 - 18300860
AN - SCOPUS:39849105847
VL - 26
SP - 494
EP - 500
JO - Journal of Hypertension
JF - Journal of Hypertension
SN - 0263-6352
IS - 3
ER -