TY - JOUR
T1 - The Accommodation of the South Flank's Motion by the Koa‘e Fault System, Kīlauea, Hawai‘i
T2 - Insights From the June 2012 Earthquake Sequence
AU - Ge, Shuangyu
AU - Lin, Guoqing
AU - Amelung, Falk
AU - Okubo, Paul G.
AU - Swanson, Donald A.
AU - Yunjun, Zhang
N1 - Funding Information:
Seismic data used in this study were obtained and originated from the USGS HVO (https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/). Previous velocity models, location catalogs, and computational software were collected from published studies listed in the references. InSAR data for this study were accessed through the Hawaiian Volcano Supersite (https://geo-gsnl.org/) and the Italian Space Agency. GPS data were downloaded from the Nevada Geodetic Laboratory (http://geodesy.unr.edu/magnet.php). We thank Emily Montgomery-Brown for making the 2012 slow slip event digital model available and Stephen Martel for sharing the detailed geological map of the Koa?e fault system. We also thank Anieri Morales Rivera and Sara Mirzaee for their discussions in the InSAR data process. We are grateful to Michael Poland, Emily Montgomery-Brown, Ingrid Johanson, the associate editor, and an anonymous reviewer for their detailed and constructive comments. All the Coulomb stress calculations were made in Coulomb 3.3 deformation and stress-change software. This research work was supported by the National Science Foundation grants EAR-1246935 and EAR-1928158. Shuangyu Ge's fieldwork was partially supported by the Kleinman Grant for Volcano Research. Figures were made using GMT (http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/) and Matlab (https://www.mathworks.com/).
Funding Information:
Seismic data used in this study were obtained and originated from the USGS HVO ( https://volcanoes.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/ ). Previous velocity models, location catalogs, and computational software were collected from published studies listed in the references. InSAR data for this study were accessed through the Hawaiian Volcano Supersite ( https://geo‐gsnl.org/ ) and the Italian Space Agency. GPS data were downloaded from the Nevada Geodetic Laboratory ( http://geodesy.unr.edu/magnet.php ). We thank Emily Montgomery‐Brown for making the 2012 slow slip event digital model available and Stephen Martel for sharing the detailed geological map of the Koa‘e fault system. We also thank Anieri Morales Rivera and Sara Mirzaee for their discussions in the InSAR data process. We are grateful to Michael Poland, Emily Montgomery‐Brown, Ingrid Johanson, the associate editor, and an anonymous reviewer for their detailed and constructive comments. All the Coulomb stress calculations were made in Coulomb 3.3 deformation and stress‐change software. This research work was supported by the National Science Foundation grants EAR‐1246935 and EAR‐1928158. Shuangyu Ge's fieldwork was partially supported by the Kleinman Grant for Volcano Research. Figures were made using GMT ( http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/ ) and Matlab ( https://www.mathworks.com/ ).
Publisher Copyright:
©2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
PY - 2019/11/1
Y1 - 2019/11/1
N2 - The Koa‘e fault system is a prominent and complex structural element of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i. On 5 June 2012, a sequence of shallow earthquakes occurred in the central part of the Koa‘e fault system. The Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data from multiple satellites spanning the time of the earthquake occurrence indicate a maximum of ~10-cm surface displacement above the seismic events in the Koa‘e. The Global Positioning System (GPS) data from multiple stations show that there was a slow slip event in the south flank in late May 2012. Field visits to the fault after the earthquakes revealed ground cracks. In this study, we combine the seismic, InSAR, GPS data, and field observations to investigate the characteristics of the Koa‘e fault system. We relocate the seismic events in the central part of the Koa‘e fault system, compute the focal mechanisms for the events in the June 2012 earthquake sequence, invert for a two-fault model based on the surface deformation, and discuss their relationships with the 2012 slow slip event. Based on our Coulomb stress-change calculation, we infer that the 2012 slow slip event may have triggered both the seismic events and the surface deformation and played a major role in the evolution of the Koa‘e fault system and the accommodation of the south flank's motion. Our integrated analyses are helpful to constrain the fault geometry in the Koa‘e system and to shed light on the role of Koa‘e in the structural evolution of Kīlauea.
AB - The Koa‘e fault system is a prominent and complex structural element of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i. On 5 June 2012, a sequence of shallow earthquakes occurred in the central part of the Koa‘e fault system. The Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data from multiple satellites spanning the time of the earthquake occurrence indicate a maximum of ~10-cm surface displacement above the seismic events in the Koa‘e. The Global Positioning System (GPS) data from multiple stations show that there was a slow slip event in the south flank in late May 2012. Field visits to the fault after the earthquakes revealed ground cracks. In this study, we combine the seismic, InSAR, GPS data, and field observations to investigate the characteristics of the Koa‘e fault system. We relocate the seismic events in the central part of the Koa‘e fault system, compute the focal mechanisms for the events in the June 2012 earthquake sequence, invert for a two-fault model based on the surface deformation, and discuss their relationships with the 2012 slow slip event. Based on our Coulomb stress-change calculation, we infer that the 2012 slow slip event may have triggered both the seismic events and the surface deformation and played a major role in the evolution of the Koa‘e fault system and the accommodation of the south flank's motion. Our integrated analyses are helpful to constrain the fault geometry in the Koa‘e system and to shed light on the role of Koa‘e in the structural evolution of Kīlauea.
KW - Koa‘e fault system
KW - Kīlauea
KW - normal fault evolution
KW - slow slip event
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85075438866&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85075438866&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1029/2018JB016961
DO - 10.1029/2018JB016961
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85075438866
VL - 124
SP - 11116
EP - 11129
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
SN - 2169-9275
IS - 11
ER -