Abstract
Springtime El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase evolution and associated U.S. rainfall variability are explored by performing composite analysis of observational data. Although the tropical Pacific ENSO sea surface temperature anomalies are weaker and less coherent in boreal spring compared to those in winter, there are unique and significant patterns of U.S. rainfall anomalies frequently appearing during the onset and decay phases of ENSO. In early spring of a decaying El Niño, the atmospheric jet stream and associated storm track shift southward, causing more frequent wet conditions across the southern U.S. and dry conditions in a belt south and east of the Ohio River. In late spring of a developing El Niño, the synoptic activity over the U.S. reduces overall and the southwesterly low-level winds that carry moist air from the Gulf of Mexico to the U.S. shift westward, causing a similar dipole of rainfall anomalies between the southern U.S. and the Ohio Valley. Key Points Springtime ENSO phase evolution and its relation to U.S. rainfall is explored Coherent springtime ENSO SST anomalies exist in the central tropical Pacific Significant patterns of U.S. rainfall anomalies covary with ENSO phase in spring
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1673-1680 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Geophysical Research Letters |
| Volume | 41 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 16 2014 |
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Keywords
- ENSO evolution in spring
- ENSO teleconnection
- U.S. rainfall in spring
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
- Geophysics
Cite this
Springtime ENSO phase evolution and its relation to rainfall in the continental U.S. / Lee, Sang Ki; Mapes, Brian E; Wang, Chunzai; Enfield, David B.; Weaver, Scott J.
In: Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 41, No. 5, 16.03.2014, p. 1673-1680.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Springtime ENSO phase evolution and its relation to rainfall in the continental U.S.
AU - Lee, Sang Ki
AU - Mapes, Brian E
AU - Wang, Chunzai
AU - Enfield, David B.
AU - Weaver, Scott J.
PY - 2014/3/16
Y1 - 2014/3/16
N2 - Springtime El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase evolution and associated U.S. rainfall variability are explored by performing composite analysis of observational data. Although the tropical Pacific ENSO sea surface temperature anomalies are weaker and less coherent in boreal spring compared to those in winter, there are unique and significant patterns of U.S. rainfall anomalies frequently appearing during the onset and decay phases of ENSO. In early spring of a decaying El Niño, the atmospheric jet stream and associated storm track shift southward, causing more frequent wet conditions across the southern U.S. and dry conditions in a belt south and east of the Ohio River. In late spring of a developing El Niño, the synoptic activity over the U.S. reduces overall and the southwesterly low-level winds that carry moist air from the Gulf of Mexico to the U.S. shift westward, causing a similar dipole of rainfall anomalies between the southern U.S. and the Ohio Valley. Key Points Springtime ENSO phase evolution and its relation to U.S. rainfall is explored Coherent springtime ENSO SST anomalies exist in the central tropical Pacific Significant patterns of U.S. rainfall anomalies covary with ENSO phase in spring
AB - Springtime El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase evolution and associated U.S. rainfall variability are explored by performing composite analysis of observational data. Although the tropical Pacific ENSO sea surface temperature anomalies are weaker and less coherent in boreal spring compared to those in winter, there are unique and significant patterns of U.S. rainfall anomalies frequently appearing during the onset and decay phases of ENSO. In early spring of a decaying El Niño, the atmospheric jet stream and associated storm track shift southward, causing more frequent wet conditions across the southern U.S. and dry conditions in a belt south and east of the Ohio River. In late spring of a developing El Niño, the synoptic activity over the U.S. reduces overall and the southwesterly low-level winds that carry moist air from the Gulf of Mexico to the U.S. shift westward, causing a similar dipole of rainfall anomalies between the southern U.S. and the Ohio Valley. Key Points Springtime ENSO phase evolution and its relation to U.S. rainfall is explored Coherent springtime ENSO SST anomalies exist in the central tropical Pacific Significant patterns of U.S. rainfall anomalies covary with ENSO phase in spring
KW - ENSO evolution in spring
KW - ENSO teleconnection
KW - U.S. rainfall in spring
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U2 - 10.1002/2013GL059137
DO - 10.1002/2013GL059137
M3 - Article
VL - 41
SP - 1673
EP - 1680
JO - Geophysical Research Letters
JF - Geophysical Research Letters
SN - 0094-8276
IS - 5
ER -