@article{b263592e3aa74c27bdb1944fa9b15849,
title = "Somatic symptoms in treatment-na{\"i}ve Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients with major depression",
abstract = "Background: Somatic complaints are a major driver of health care costs among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Some epidemiologic and clinical data suggest that Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black patients with MDD endorse higher levels of somatic symptoms than non-Hispanic White patients. Methods: Somatic symptoms in 102 Hispanic, 61 non-Hispanic Black, and 156 non-Hispanic White patients with treatment-na{\"i}ve MDD were evaluated using the somatic symptom subscale of the Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAM-A). The other seven items of the HAM-A comprise the psychic anxiety subscale, which was also evaluated across ethnicities. Results: Hispanic patients reported significantly greater levels of somatic symptoms than non-Hispanic patients, but levels of psychic anxiety symptoms did not differ by ethnicity. Levels of somatic symptoms did not significantly differ between Black and White non-Hispanic patients. Within the Hispanic sample, somatic symptom levels were higher only among those who were evaluated in Spanish; Hispanics who spoke English showed no significant differences versus non-Hispanics. Conclusions: In this medically healthy sample of patients with MDD, monolingual Spanish-speaking Hispanic patients endorsed high levels of somatic symptoms. Clinicians should be mindful that the depressive experience may manifest somatically and be judicious in determining when additional medical work-up is warranted for somatic complaints.",
keywords = "African Americans, Latino, Spanish, acculturation, anxiety, ethnicity",
author = "Dunlop, {Boadie W.} and Sarah Still and Devon LoParo and Vivianne Aponte-Rivera and Johnson, {Benjamin N.} and Schneider, {Rebecca L.} and Nemeroff, {Charles B.} and Mayberg, {Helen S.} and Craighead, {W. Edward}",
note = "Funding Information: B.W.D. has received research support from Acadia, Janssen, NIMH, and Takeda, and serves as a consultant to Myriad Neurosciences, Inc. (Mason, OH). W.E.C. is a board member of Hugarheill ehf, an Icelandic company dedicated to the prevention of depression, receives book royalties from John Wiley & Sons (Hoboken, NJ), is supported by the Mary and John Brock Foundation and the Fuqua family foundations, is a consultant to the GeorgeWest Mental Health Foundation, a member of the scientific advisory board (SAB) of ADAA, and a member of the SAB for AIM for Mental Health Foundation. H.S.M. has received consulting fees from St. Jude Medical Neuromodulation and intellectual property licensing fees from St. Jude Medical Neuromodulation. C.B.N. has research grants from the NIH and is a stockholder in Xhale, Celgene, Seattle Genetics, Abbvie, OPKO Health, Inc., Antares, BI Gen Holdings, Inc., Corcept Therapeutics Pharmaceuticals Company, TC MSO, Inc., Trends in Pharma Development, LLC, and EMA Wellness. He serves on the Scientific Advisory Boards or Boards of Directors of the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (BBRF), Xhale Smart, Gratitude America, Anxiety Disorders Association of America, Skyland Trail, Signant Health, and Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Inc. CBN reports income sources or equity of C.B.N. has research grants from the NIH and is a stockholder in Xhale, Celgene, Seattle Genetics, Abbvie, OPKO Health, Inc., Antares, BI Gen Holdings, Inc., Corcept Therapeutics Pharmaceuticals Company, TC MSO, Inc., Trends in Pharma Development, LLC, and EMA Wellness. He serves on the Scientific Advisory Boards or Boards of Directors of the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (BBRF), Xhale Smart, Gratitude America, Anxiety Disorders Association of America, Skyland Trail, Signant Health, and Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Inc. CBN reports income sources or equity of $10,000 or more from American Psychiatric Publishing, Xhale, MagStim, Bracket (Clintara), Intracellular Therapeutics Inc., CME Outfitters, and EMA Wellness. In the past 3 years, he has performed consulting for Xhale, Takeda, Taisho Pharmaceutical Inc., Bracket (Clintara), Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Janssen Research & Development LLC, Magstim, Inc., Navitor Pharmaceuticals, Inc., TC MSO, Inc., Intracellular Therapies, Inc., EMA Wellness, Gerson Lehrman Group (GLG), and Acadia Pharmaceuticals. He has patents on the method and devices for transdermal delivery of lithium (US 6375990B1), the method of assessing antidepressant drug therapy via transport inhibition of monoamine neurotransmitters by ex vivo assay (US 7148027B2), and for the compounds, compositions, methods of synthesis, and methods of treatment (CRF Receptor Binding Ligand; US 8551996 B2). 0,000 or more from American Psychiatric Publishing, Xhale, MagStim, Bracket (Clintara), Intracellular Therapeutics Inc., CME Outfitters, and EMA Wellness. In the past 3 years, he has performed consulting for Xhale, Takeda, Taisho Pharmaceutical Inc., Bracket (Clintara), Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Janssen Research & Development LLC, Magstim, Inc., Navitor Pharmaceuticals, Inc., TC MSO, Inc., Intracellular Therapies, Inc., EMA Wellness, Gerson Lehrman Group (GLG), and Acadia Pharmaceuticals. He has patents on the method and devices for transdermal delivery of lithium (US 6375990B1), the method of assessing antidepressant drug therapy via transport inhibition of monoamine neurotransmitters by ex vivo assay (US 7148027B2), and for the compounds, compositions, methods of synthesis, and methods of treatment (CRF Receptor Binding Ligand; US 8551996 B2). All other authors report no financial relationships with commercial interests. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.",
year = "2020",
month = feb,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1002/da.22984",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "37",
pages = "156--165",
journal = "Anxiety",
issn = "1091-4269",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "2",
}