Abstract
In contrast to the limited repair observed in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), injured neurons in the leech reliably regenerate synapses and restore function with remarkable accuracy at the level of individual neurons. New and recent results reveal important roles for microglial cells and extracellular matrix components, including laminin, in repair. Tissue culture experiments have permitted isolation of neurons and manipulation of their environment, providing insights into the influence of substrate, electrical activity, and other cells, including microglia, on axon growth and synapse formation. The results account for distinctive features of successful repair in the adult leech, where axonal sprouting and target selection can be influenced by unequal competition between neurons. Differences between the formation of connections during embryonic development and repair in the adult include dissimilarities in the roles of gila and microglia in adults and embryos, suggesting that axon growth during regeneration in the CNS is not simply a recapitulation of processes observed during embryonic development. It may be possible in the future to improve mammalian CNS regeneration by recruiting cells whose counterparts in the leech have been identified as instrumental in repair.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 353-366 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | Journal of Neurobiology |
| Volume | 27 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 22 1995 |
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Keywords
- conditioning lesion
- glia
- laminin
- microglia
- nerve regeneration
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Neuroscience(all)
Cite this
Repair of the central nervous system : Lessons from lesions in leeches. / Von Bernhardi, R.; Muller, Kenneth J.
In: Journal of Neurobiology, Vol. 27, No. 3, 22.06.1995, p. 353-366.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Repair of the central nervous system
T2 - Lessons from lesions in leeches
AU - Von Bernhardi, R.
AU - Muller, Kenneth J
PY - 1995/6/22
Y1 - 1995/6/22
N2 - In contrast to the limited repair observed in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), injured neurons in the leech reliably regenerate synapses and restore function with remarkable accuracy at the level of individual neurons. New and recent results reveal important roles for microglial cells and extracellular matrix components, including laminin, in repair. Tissue culture experiments have permitted isolation of neurons and manipulation of their environment, providing insights into the influence of substrate, electrical activity, and other cells, including microglia, on axon growth and synapse formation. The results account for distinctive features of successful repair in the adult leech, where axonal sprouting and target selection can be influenced by unequal competition between neurons. Differences between the formation of connections during embryonic development and repair in the adult include dissimilarities in the roles of gila and microglia in adults and embryos, suggesting that axon growth during regeneration in the CNS is not simply a recapitulation of processes observed during embryonic development. It may be possible in the future to improve mammalian CNS regeneration by recruiting cells whose counterparts in the leech have been identified as instrumental in repair.
AB - In contrast to the limited repair observed in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), injured neurons in the leech reliably regenerate synapses and restore function with remarkable accuracy at the level of individual neurons. New and recent results reveal important roles for microglial cells and extracellular matrix components, including laminin, in repair. Tissue culture experiments have permitted isolation of neurons and manipulation of their environment, providing insights into the influence of substrate, electrical activity, and other cells, including microglia, on axon growth and synapse formation. The results account for distinctive features of successful repair in the adult leech, where axonal sprouting and target selection can be influenced by unequal competition between neurons. Differences between the formation of connections during embryonic development and repair in the adult include dissimilarities in the roles of gila and microglia in adults and embryos, suggesting that axon growth during regeneration in the CNS is not simply a recapitulation of processes observed during embryonic development. It may be possible in the future to improve mammalian CNS regeneration by recruiting cells whose counterparts in the leech have been identified as instrumental in repair.
KW - conditioning lesion
KW - glia
KW - laminin
KW - microglia
KW - nerve regeneration
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U2 - 10.1002/neu.480270308
DO - 10.1002/neu.480270308
M3 - Article
C2 - 7673894
AN - SCOPUS:0029040047
VL - 27
SP - 353
EP - 366
JO - Developmental Neurobiology
JF - Developmental Neurobiology
SN - 0022-3034
IS - 3
ER -