@article{c48cd65042df4f6b9a4c732ebc5ebfe4,
title = "Recent stimulant use and leukocyte gene expression in methamphetamine users with treated HIV infection",
abstract = "Stimulant use may accelerate HIV disease progression through biological and behavioral pathways. However, scant research with treated HIV-positive persons has examined stimulant-associated alterations in pathophysiologic processes relevant to HIV pathogenesis. In a sample of 55 HIV-positive, methamphetamine-using sexual minority men with a viral load less than 200 copies/mL, we conducted RNA sequencing to examine patterns of leukocyte gene expression in participants who had a urine sample that was reactive for stimulants (n = 27) as compared to those who tested non-reactive (n = 28). Results indicated differential expression of 32 genes and perturbation of 168 pathways in recent stimulant users. We observed statistically significant differential expression of single genes previously associated with HIV latency, cell cycle regulation, and immune activation in recent stimulant users (false discovery rate p < 0.10). Pathway analyses indicated enrichment for genes associated with inflammation, innate immune activation, neuroendocrine hormone regulation, and neurotransmitter synthesis. Recent stimulant users displayed concurrent elevations in plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor – alpha (TNF-α) but not interleukin 6 (IL-6). Further research is needed to examine the bio-behavioral mechanisms whereby stimulant use may contribute to HIV persistence and disease progression.",
keywords = "Cocaine, Gene expression, HIV, Immune activation, Inflammation, Methamphetamine, Reservoir",
author = "Carrico, {Adam W.} and Annesa Flentje and Kord Kober and Sulggi Lee and Peter Hunt and Riley, {Elise D.} and Steven Shoptaw and Elena Flowers and Dilworth, {Samantha E.} and Savita Pahwa and Aouizerat, {Bradley E.}",
note = "Funding Information: This project was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01-DA033854; Woods, Carrico, and Moskowitz, PIs). Additional funding was provided by pilot awards from the University of California, San Francisco Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI027763; Volberding, PI) and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (P50-009253; Guydish, PI; T32-DA007250; Sorensen, PI; K23DA039800; Flentje, PI). Additional support for assays of plasma cytokines was provided by the Miami Center for AIDS Research (P30-AI073961; Pahwa, PI). This work used the Vincent J. Coates Genomics Sequencing Laboratory at UC Berkeley, supported by NIH S10 OD018174 Instrumentation Grant. We would also like to thank Dr. Teri Leigler for her support of this project through the University of California, San Francisco Center for AIDS Research's Virology Core (P30-AI027763). The team would like to express our gratitude to multiple staff who have contributed time and effort to the successful execution of this project including: Justin Lagana-Jackson, Paul Cotten, and Lara Coffin. Finally, we are grateful to the study participants who placed a great deal of trust in our team to collect and manage biological specimens for this project. Funding Information: This project was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01-DA033854; Woods, Carrico, and Moskowitz, PIs). Additional funding was provided by pilot awards from the University of California, San Francisco Center for AIDS Research ( P30-AI027763 ; Volberding, PI) and the National Institute on Drug Abuse ( P50-009253 ; Guydish, PI; T32-DA007250; Sorensen, PI; K23DA039800; Flentje, PI). Additional support for assays of plasma cytokines was provided by the Miami Center for AIDS Research ( P30-AI073961 ; Pahwa, PI). This work used the Vincent J. Coates Genomics Sequencing Laboratory at UC Berkeley, supported by NIH S10 OD018174 Instrumentation Grant. We would also like to thank Dr. Teri Leigler for her support of this project through the University of California, San Francisco Center for AIDS Research{\textquoteright}s Virology Core (P30-AI027763). The team would like to express our gratitude to multiple staff who have contributed time and effort to the successful execution of this project including: Justin Lagana-Jackson, Paul Cotten, and Lara Coffin. Finally, we are grateful to the study participants who placed a great deal of trust in our team to collect and manage biological specimens for this project. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2018",
month = jul,
doi = "10.1016/j.bbi.2018.04.004",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "71",
pages = "108--115",
journal = "Brain, Behavior, and Immunity",
issn = "0889-1591",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",
}