Abstract
Background: Transmission of drug-resistant HIV strains to antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve subjects can negatively impact therapy response. As treatment strategies and utilization of antiretroviral drugs evolve, patterns of transmitted mutations may shift. Method: Paired genotypic and phenotypic susceptibility data were retrospectively analyzed for 317 ART-naïve, HIV-1-infected subjects from 40 small and major metropolitan cities in the Northeastern, Midwestern, Southern, Southwestern, and Northwestern United States during 2003. Results: Using current (January 2007) PhenoSense cutoffs, HIV-1 from 8% of subjects had reduced susceptibility to >1 drug. By class, <1% had reduced susceptibility to protease inhibitors (PIs), and 1 % had reduced susceptibility to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs); reduced susceptibility to >1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTIs) was seen in 7% of subjects, with 4% of all subjects having reduced susceptibility to all NNRTIs. IAS-USA-defined NRTI, NNRTI, and/or major PI HIV-1 drug resistance-associated mutations were detected for 10% of the subjects. HIV risk factors included homosexual contact (74%), heterosexual contact (28%), and injectable drug use/transfusion/other (7%). Reduced susceptibility to >1 drug was significantly higher (p = .034) for white subjects than African Americans and Hispanics/others. Conclusion: The high prevalence of drug resistance in these ART-naïve subjects suggests that transmitted resistance is occurring widely within the United States. HIV genotyping and/or phenotyping for antiretroviral-naïve patients seeking treatment should be considered, especially if the therapy will include an NNRTI.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1-8 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | HIV Clinical Trials |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2007 |
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Keywords
- Antiretroviral naïve
- HIV
- Prevalence
- Reduced susceptibility
- Resistance
- Transmission
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Virology
- Immunology
Cite this
Prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance and resistance-associated mutations in antiretroviral therapy-naïve HIV-infected individuals from 40 United States cities. / Ross, Lisa; Lim, Michael L.; Liao, Qiming; Wine, Brian; Rodriguez, Allan E; Weinberg, Winkler; Shaefer, Mark.
In: HIV Clinical Trials, Vol. 8, No. 1, 01.01.2007, p. 1-8.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance and resistance-associated mutations in antiretroviral therapy-naïve HIV-infected individuals from 40 United States cities
AU - Ross, Lisa
AU - Lim, Michael L.
AU - Liao, Qiming
AU - Wine, Brian
AU - Rodriguez, Allan E
AU - Weinberg, Winkler
AU - Shaefer, Mark
PY - 2007/1/1
Y1 - 2007/1/1
N2 - Background: Transmission of drug-resistant HIV strains to antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve subjects can negatively impact therapy response. As treatment strategies and utilization of antiretroviral drugs evolve, patterns of transmitted mutations may shift. Method: Paired genotypic and phenotypic susceptibility data were retrospectively analyzed for 317 ART-naïve, HIV-1-infected subjects from 40 small and major metropolitan cities in the Northeastern, Midwestern, Southern, Southwestern, and Northwestern United States during 2003. Results: Using current (January 2007) PhenoSense cutoffs, HIV-1 from 8% of subjects had reduced susceptibility to >1 drug. By class, <1% had reduced susceptibility to protease inhibitors (PIs), and 1 % had reduced susceptibility to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs); reduced susceptibility to >1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTIs) was seen in 7% of subjects, with 4% of all subjects having reduced susceptibility to all NNRTIs. IAS-USA-defined NRTI, NNRTI, and/or major PI HIV-1 drug resistance-associated mutations were detected for 10% of the subjects. HIV risk factors included homosexual contact (74%), heterosexual contact (28%), and injectable drug use/transfusion/other (7%). Reduced susceptibility to >1 drug was significantly higher (p = .034) for white subjects than African Americans and Hispanics/others. Conclusion: The high prevalence of drug resistance in these ART-naïve subjects suggests that transmitted resistance is occurring widely within the United States. HIV genotyping and/or phenotyping for antiretroviral-naïve patients seeking treatment should be considered, especially if the therapy will include an NNRTI.
AB - Background: Transmission of drug-resistant HIV strains to antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve subjects can negatively impact therapy response. As treatment strategies and utilization of antiretroviral drugs evolve, patterns of transmitted mutations may shift. Method: Paired genotypic and phenotypic susceptibility data were retrospectively analyzed for 317 ART-naïve, HIV-1-infected subjects from 40 small and major metropolitan cities in the Northeastern, Midwestern, Southern, Southwestern, and Northwestern United States during 2003. Results: Using current (January 2007) PhenoSense cutoffs, HIV-1 from 8% of subjects had reduced susceptibility to >1 drug. By class, <1% had reduced susceptibility to protease inhibitors (PIs), and 1 % had reduced susceptibility to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs); reduced susceptibility to >1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTIs) was seen in 7% of subjects, with 4% of all subjects having reduced susceptibility to all NNRTIs. IAS-USA-defined NRTI, NNRTI, and/or major PI HIV-1 drug resistance-associated mutations were detected for 10% of the subjects. HIV risk factors included homosexual contact (74%), heterosexual contact (28%), and injectable drug use/transfusion/other (7%). Reduced susceptibility to >1 drug was significantly higher (p = .034) for white subjects than African Americans and Hispanics/others. Conclusion: The high prevalence of drug resistance in these ART-naïve subjects suggests that transmitted resistance is occurring widely within the United States. HIV genotyping and/or phenotyping for antiretroviral-naïve patients seeking treatment should be considered, especially if the therapy will include an NNRTI.
KW - Antiretroviral naïve
KW - HIV
KW - Prevalence
KW - Reduced susceptibility
KW - Resistance
KW - Transmission
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=34047228643&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1310/hct0801-1
DO - 10.1310/hct0801-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 17434843
AN - SCOPUS:34047228643
VL - 8
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - HIV Clinical Trials
JF - HIV Clinical Trials
SN - 1528-4336
IS - 1
ER -