Abstract
A suite of respiratory, acid-base, ionoregulatory, hematological, and stress parameters were examined in adult rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after chronic exposure to a sublethal level of dietary Cd (500 mg/kg diet) for 45 days and during a subsequent challenge to waterborne Cd (10 μg/L) for 72 h. Blood sampling via an indwelling arterial catheter revealed that dietary Cd had no major effects on blood gases, acid-base balance, and plasma ions (Ca 2+, Mg 2+, K +, Na +, and Cl -) in trout. The most notable effects were an increase in hematocrit (49%) and hemoglobin (74%), and a decrease in the plasma total ammonia (43%) and glucose (49%) of the dietary Cd-exposed fish relative to the nonexposed controls. Dietary Cd resulted in a 26-fold increase of plasma Cd level over 45 days (∼24 ng/mL). The fish exposed to dietary Cd showed acclimation with increased protection against the effects of waterborne Cd on arterial blood P aCO2 and pH, plasma ions, and stress indices. After waterborne Cd challenge, nonacclimated fish, but not Cd-acclimated fish, exhibited respiratory acidosis. Plasma Ca 2+ levels declined from the prechallenge level, but the effect was more pronounced in nonacclimated fish (44%) than in Cd-acclimated fish (14%) by 72 h. Plasma K + was elevated only in the nonacclimated fish. Similarly, waterborne Cd caused an elevation of all four traditional stress parameters (plasma total ammonia, cortisol, glucose, and lactate) only in the nonacclimated fish. Thus, chronic exposure to dietary Cd protects rainbow trout against physiological stress caused by waterborne Cd and both dietary and waterborne Cd should be considered in determining the extent of Cd toxicity to fish.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 163-173 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - C Toxicology and Pharmacology |
| Volume | 139 |
| Issue number | 1-3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 1 2004 |
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Keywords
- Acclimation
- Acid-base
- Cadmium
- Chronic
- Diet
- Hematology
- Plasma ions
- Respiration
- Stress
- Trout
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry
- Physiology
- Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
- Pharmacology
Cite this
Physiological effects of dietary cadmium acclimation and waterborne cadmium challenge in rainbow trout : Respiratory, ionoregulatory, and stress parameters. / Chowdhury, M. J.; Pane, E. F.; Wood, C. M.
In: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - C Toxicology and Pharmacology, Vol. 139, No. 1-3, 01.10.2004, p. 163-173.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Physiological effects of dietary cadmium acclimation and waterborne cadmium challenge in rainbow trout
T2 - Respiratory, ionoregulatory, and stress parameters
AU - Chowdhury, M. J.
AU - Pane, E. F.
AU - Wood, C. M.
PY - 2004/10/1
Y1 - 2004/10/1
N2 - A suite of respiratory, acid-base, ionoregulatory, hematological, and stress parameters were examined in adult rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after chronic exposure to a sublethal level of dietary Cd (500 mg/kg diet) for 45 days and during a subsequent challenge to waterborne Cd (10 μg/L) for 72 h. Blood sampling via an indwelling arterial catheter revealed that dietary Cd had no major effects on blood gases, acid-base balance, and plasma ions (Ca 2+, Mg 2+, K +, Na +, and Cl -) in trout. The most notable effects were an increase in hematocrit (49%) and hemoglobin (74%), and a decrease in the plasma total ammonia (43%) and glucose (49%) of the dietary Cd-exposed fish relative to the nonexposed controls. Dietary Cd resulted in a 26-fold increase of plasma Cd level over 45 days (∼24 ng/mL). The fish exposed to dietary Cd showed acclimation with increased protection against the effects of waterborne Cd on arterial blood P aCO2 and pH, plasma ions, and stress indices. After waterborne Cd challenge, nonacclimated fish, but not Cd-acclimated fish, exhibited respiratory acidosis. Plasma Ca 2+ levels declined from the prechallenge level, but the effect was more pronounced in nonacclimated fish (44%) than in Cd-acclimated fish (14%) by 72 h. Plasma K + was elevated only in the nonacclimated fish. Similarly, waterborne Cd caused an elevation of all four traditional stress parameters (plasma total ammonia, cortisol, glucose, and lactate) only in the nonacclimated fish. Thus, chronic exposure to dietary Cd protects rainbow trout against physiological stress caused by waterborne Cd and both dietary and waterborne Cd should be considered in determining the extent of Cd toxicity to fish.
AB - A suite of respiratory, acid-base, ionoregulatory, hematological, and stress parameters were examined in adult rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after chronic exposure to a sublethal level of dietary Cd (500 mg/kg diet) for 45 days and during a subsequent challenge to waterborne Cd (10 μg/L) for 72 h. Blood sampling via an indwelling arterial catheter revealed that dietary Cd had no major effects on blood gases, acid-base balance, and plasma ions (Ca 2+, Mg 2+, K +, Na +, and Cl -) in trout. The most notable effects were an increase in hematocrit (49%) and hemoglobin (74%), and a decrease in the plasma total ammonia (43%) and glucose (49%) of the dietary Cd-exposed fish relative to the nonexposed controls. Dietary Cd resulted in a 26-fold increase of plasma Cd level over 45 days (∼24 ng/mL). The fish exposed to dietary Cd showed acclimation with increased protection against the effects of waterborne Cd on arterial blood P aCO2 and pH, plasma ions, and stress indices. After waterborne Cd challenge, nonacclimated fish, but not Cd-acclimated fish, exhibited respiratory acidosis. Plasma Ca 2+ levels declined from the prechallenge level, but the effect was more pronounced in nonacclimated fish (44%) than in Cd-acclimated fish (14%) by 72 h. Plasma K + was elevated only in the nonacclimated fish. Similarly, waterborne Cd caused an elevation of all four traditional stress parameters (plasma total ammonia, cortisol, glucose, and lactate) only in the nonacclimated fish. Thus, chronic exposure to dietary Cd protects rainbow trout against physiological stress caused by waterborne Cd and both dietary and waterborne Cd should be considered in determining the extent of Cd toxicity to fish.
KW - Acclimation
KW - Acid-base
KW - Cadmium
KW - Chronic
KW - Diet
KW - Hematology
KW - Plasma ions
KW - Respiration
KW - Stress
KW - Trout
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=8844280074&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=8844280074&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cca.2004.10.006
DO - 10.1016/j.cca.2004.10.006
M3 - Article
C2 - 15556079
AN - SCOPUS:8844280074
VL - 139
SP - 163
EP - 173
JO - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part - C: Toxicology and Pharmacology
JF - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part - C: Toxicology and Pharmacology
SN - 1532-0456
IS - 1-3
ER -