TY - GEN
T1 - Physical and Biochemical Structure Measured by APEX-EM Floats
AU - Shay, Lynn K.
AU - Brewster, Jodi K.
AU - Jaimes, Benjamin
AU - Gordon, Christopher
AU - Fennel, Katja
AU - Furze, Peter
AU - Fargher, Hugh
AU - He, Ruoying
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was made possible by a grant from The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative. Data are publicly available through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information & Data Cooperative (GRIIDC) at https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org (doi: 10.7266/n7-3b11-1b69, udi: R5.x275.000:0002, R5.x275.000:0003)
PY - 2019/3
Y1 - 2019/3
N2 - Technology for measuring the deep ocean currents (including temperature and salinity) is now available using the recently Autonomous Profiling Explorer floats with electromagnetic sensors (APEX-EM) recently developed by Teledyne Webb Research. The float acquires temperature and salinity profiles using a Seabird sensor. In addition, the APEX-EM profiling floats were equipped with chemical and bio-optical sensors: Aanderaa Optode sensor measuring dissolved oxygen, and the WET Labs ECO Puck sensor which combines measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence (proxy of phytoplankton abundance), measurement of backscatter (as proxy of particle concentration) and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) fluorescence (incl. fluorophoric oil components). The ECO Puck was specifically designed to minimize space and power requirements for applications in autonomous measuring platforms, and is rated for sampling to 2000 m depth. Such technological advancements bringing together the physical and biochemical measurements have relevance on the response to subsurface oil spills such as Deepwater Horizon. Here we explore the impacts of wind-driven current on the biochemical response during the passage of a cold front in early May 2017 using profiles from multiple floats and shipboard data. During the frontal passage, surface friction velocity associated with the wind stress approached values of 0.6 m/s that forced strong near-inertial currents in the upper ocean of 0.75 m/s. The associated shear forced layer deepening of more than 20 m over the two days of frontal passage. The biochemical response indicated a dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll fluorescence maxima at depths of 90-100 m during the event. This deep chlorophyll maximum tends to correspond to the oxycline lying between the 24-25 isopycnal in temperature and salinity space. During this period the floats resolved these responses as continuous measurements were acquired over time scales of a few hours. Thus, this float technology enables investigators to look more closely at the upper ocean response to strong forcing events that impacts biochemistry and hydrocarbon dispersion. Note that sampling rates can changed by updating mission profiles from continuous to profiling modes between specific depths to once every five to ten days to depths of up to 2000 m by changing the piston counts on the missions.
AB - Technology for measuring the deep ocean currents (including temperature and salinity) is now available using the recently Autonomous Profiling Explorer floats with electromagnetic sensors (APEX-EM) recently developed by Teledyne Webb Research. The float acquires temperature and salinity profiles using a Seabird sensor. In addition, the APEX-EM profiling floats were equipped with chemical and bio-optical sensors: Aanderaa Optode sensor measuring dissolved oxygen, and the WET Labs ECO Puck sensor which combines measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence (proxy of phytoplankton abundance), measurement of backscatter (as proxy of particle concentration) and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) fluorescence (incl. fluorophoric oil components). The ECO Puck was specifically designed to minimize space and power requirements for applications in autonomous measuring platforms, and is rated for sampling to 2000 m depth. Such technological advancements bringing together the physical and biochemical measurements have relevance on the response to subsurface oil spills such as Deepwater Horizon. Here we explore the impacts of wind-driven current on the biochemical response during the passage of a cold front in early May 2017 using profiles from multiple floats and shipboard data. During the frontal passage, surface friction velocity associated with the wind stress approached values of 0.6 m/s that forced strong near-inertial currents in the upper ocean of 0.75 m/s. The associated shear forced layer deepening of more than 20 m over the two days of frontal passage. The biochemical response indicated a dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll fluorescence maxima at depths of 90-100 m during the event. This deep chlorophyll maximum tends to correspond to the oxycline lying between the 24-25 isopycnal in temperature and salinity space. During this period the floats resolved these responses as continuous measurements were acquired over time scales of a few hours. Thus, this float technology enables investigators to look more closely at the upper ocean response to strong forcing events that impacts biochemistry and hydrocarbon dispersion. Note that sampling rates can changed by updating mission profiles from continuous to profiling modes between specific depths to once every five to ten days to depths of up to 2000 m by changing the piston counts on the missions.
KW - biochemical properties
KW - currents
KW - floats
KW - underwater vehicles
KW - wind forcing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85078955027&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85078955027&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/CWTM43797.2019.8955168
DO - 10.1109/CWTM43797.2019.8955168
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85078955027
T3 - 2019 IEEE/OES 12th Current, Waves and Turbulence Measurement, CWTM 2019
BT - 2019 IEEE/OES 12th Current, Waves and Turbulence Measurement, CWTM 2019
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
T2 - 12th IEEE/OES Current, Waves and Turbulence Measurement, CWTM 2019
Y2 - 10 March 2019 through 13 March 2019
ER -