@article{333096eecb70462291c0a926c42b9e2f,
title = "Patterns of positivity: Positive affect trajectories among infants of mothers with a history of depression",
abstract = "This study examined positive affect (PA) trajectories over the first year of life among infants of mothers with a history of depression (N = 191) as well as predictors (i.e., maternal prenatal and postpartum depression symptoms, maternal parenting behaviors) of those trajectories. Infant PA was observed in play and feeding tasks during laboratory visits at 3, 6, and 12 months of age; parenting behaviors were observed at 3 months. Mothers completed questionnaires regarding their symptoms of depression throughout the prenatal period and during the first 3 months postpartum. Growth curve analyses indicated that infant PA increased across time, and this finding replicated across both the play and feeding tasks, though increases slowed over time. Neither maternal prenatal nor postpartum depression symptoms predicted infants' PA trajectories, but mothers' PA, positive parenting, and disengaged parenting were associated with infant PA during the play task. Our finding that infant PA increased over the first year postpartum suggests PA trajectories among infants of mothers with a history of depression may be indices of resilience, despite risks associated with their mothers' history of depression. Furthermore, this study highlights parenting behaviors that may be important targets of prevention and early intervention efforts to bolster infant PA.",
author = "Molly Davis and Goodman, {Sherryl H.} and Lavner, {Justin A.} and Maier, {Meeka S.} and Stowe, {Zachary N.} and Newport, {D. Jeffrey} and Bettina Knight",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by NIMH 1 P50 MH077928-01A1, Perinatal Stress and Gene Influences: Pathways to Infant Vulnerability. The authors greatly appreciate the dedication of the families who participated, as well as the staff and students involved in data collection, coding, and rating. Dr. Davis is supported by a National Institute of Mental Health Training Fellowship (T32?MH109433). Ms. Knight has received research support from Janssen, Sage Therapeutics and Boehringer Ingelheim. She currently receives research support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Her adult son is employed by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and has stock options as part of this employment. Dr. Newport has received research support from Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), NIH, SAGE, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, the Texas Health & Human Services Commission, and Wyeth. He has served on speakers' bureaus and/or received honoraria from Astra-Zeneca, Eli Lilly, GSK, Pfizer, and Wyeth. He has served on advisory boards for GSK, Janssen, and Sage Therapeutics. He has never served as a consultant to any biomedical or pharmaceutical corporations. Neither he nor family members have ever held equity positions in biomedical or pharmaceutical corporations. Dr. Stowe has received research support from NIH, Center for Disease Control, GSK, Pfizer, Wyeth, Janssen, and SAGE. He has served on speaker or advisory boards for Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Wyeth, BMS, and GSK. Dr. Stowe has received honoraria from Eli Lilly, GSK, Pfizer, and Wyeth. Funding Information: This research was supported by NIMH 1 P50 MH077928‐01A1, Perinatal Stress and Gene Influences: Pathways to Infant Vulnerability. The authors greatly appreciate the dedication of the families who participated, as well as the staff and students involved in data collection, coding, and rating. Dr. Davis is supported by a National Institute of Mental Health Training Fellowship (T32 MH109433). Ms. Knight has received research support from Janssen, Sage Therapeutics and Boehringer Ingelheim. She currently receives research support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Her adult son is employed by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and has stock options as part of this employment. Dr. Newport has received research support from Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD), NIH, SAGE, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, the Texas Health & Human Services Commission, and Wyeth. He has served on speakers' bureaus and/or received honoraria from Astra‐Zeneca, Eli Lilly, GSK, Pfizer, and Wyeth. He has served on advisory boards for GSK, Janssen, and Sage Therapeutics. He has never served as a consultant to any biomedical or pharmaceutical corporations. Neither he nor family members have ever held equity positions in biomedical or pharmaceutical corporations. Dr. Stowe has received research support from NIH, Center for Disease Control, GSK, Pfizer, Wyeth, Janssen, and SAGE. He has served on speaker or advisory boards for Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Wyeth, BMS, and GSK. Dr. Stowe has received honoraria from Eli Lilly, GSK, Pfizer, and Wyeth. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 International Congress of Infant Studies (ICIS)",
year = "2019",
month = nov,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/infa.12314",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "24",
pages = "911--932",
journal = "Infancy",
issn = "1525-0008",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "6",
}