TY - JOUR
T1 - Ocular surface microbiome alterations are found in both eyes of individualswith unilateral infectious keratitis
AU - Cavuoto, Kara M.
AU - Galor, Anat
AU - Banerjee, Santanu
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Clinical Sciences R&D (CSRD) I01 CX002015 (AG) and Biomedical Laboratory R&D (BLRD) Service I01 BX004893 (AG), Department of Defense Gulf War Illness Research Program (GWIRP) W81XWH-20-1-0579 (AG) and Vision Research Program (VRP) W81XWH-20-1-0820 (AG), National Eye Institute R01EY026174 (AG) and R61EY032468 (AG), NIH Center Core Grant P30EY014801 (institutional) and Research to Prevent Blindness Unrestricted Grant (institutional).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Purpose: To analyze the ocular surfacemicrobiome (OSM) profile in both eyes of individuals with unilateral keratitis. Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, the conjunctival OSM of adults (>18 years old) presenting to an ophthalmic emergency department with acute unilateral keratitis and controls without an acute infectious process was sampled. Samples underwent DNA amplification and 16S sequencing using Illumina MiSeq 250 and were analyzed using Qiime. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-sided Student ttest, diversity indices, and principal coordinate analysis. The main outcome measures included relative abundance and α and β diversity. Results: Bacterial DNA was recovered from all 34 eyes of 17 individuals with keratitis (mean age, 49.3 ± 17.5 years) and 16 eyes of controls (mean age, 56.6 ± 17.0 years). In the two culture-positive eyes, 16S aligned with culture results. Significant differences in α diversities were noted when comparing both eyes of individuals with keratitis to control eyes (all P < 0.05), but no significant differences between the eyes of an individualwith keratitis. Principal coordinate analysis plots confirmed this finding, demonstrating separation between either eye of patientswith keratitis and controls (both P<0.01), however not between eyes in patients with unilateral keratitis. Both eyes of individuals with keratitis had greater abundance of Pseudomonas compared with controls both on compositional analysis and linear discriminant analysis. Conclusions: Alterations in theOSMprofile are detected in both eyes of individualswith unilateral keratitis compared with controls. Beyond the causative organism, a greater abundance of potential pathogens and lesser abundance of commensal organismswere found. Translational Relevance: The OSM profile is altered in both eyes of individuals with unilateral keratitis, whichmay lend insight into the role of themicrobiome in the pathophysiology of disease.
AB - Purpose: To analyze the ocular surfacemicrobiome (OSM) profile in both eyes of individuals with unilateral keratitis. Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, the conjunctival OSM of adults (>18 years old) presenting to an ophthalmic emergency department with acute unilateral keratitis and controls without an acute infectious process was sampled. Samples underwent DNA amplification and 16S sequencing using Illumina MiSeq 250 and were analyzed using Qiime. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-sided Student ttest, diversity indices, and principal coordinate analysis. The main outcome measures included relative abundance and α and β diversity. Results: Bacterial DNA was recovered from all 34 eyes of 17 individuals with keratitis (mean age, 49.3 ± 17.5 years) and 16 eyes of controls (mean age, 56.6 ± 17.0 years). In the two culture-positive eyes, 16S aligned with culture results. Significant differences in α diversities were noted when comparing both eyes of individuals with keratitis to control eyes (all P < 0.05), but no significant differences between the eyes of an individualwith keratitis. Principal coordinate analysis plots confirmed this finding, demonstrating separation between either eye of patientswith keratitis and controls (both P<0.01), however not between eyes in patients with unilateral keratitis. Both eyes of individuals with keratitis had greater abundance of Pseudomonas compared with controls both on compositional analysis and linear discriminant analysis. Conclusions: Alterations in theOSMprofile are detected in both eyes of individualswith unilateral keratitis compared with controls. Beyond the causative organism, a greater abundance of potential pathogens and lesser abundance of commensal organismswere found. Translational Relevance: The OSM profile is altered in both eyes of individuals with unilateral keratitis, whichmay lend insight into the role of themicrobiome in the pathophysiology of disease.
KW - Bacteria
KW - Keratitis
KW - Microbiome
KW - Ocular surface
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U2 - 10.1167/TVST.10.2.19
DO - 10.1167/TVST.10.2.19
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85101899067
VL - 10
SP - 1
EP - 11
JO - Translational Vision Science and Technology
JF - Translational Vision Science and Technology
SN - 2164-2591
IS - 2
M1 - 19
ER -