@article{8fe1e41a7efd4a2ea556156be739fd3c,
title = "Oceans and Human Health: A rising tide of challenges and opportunities for Europe",
abstract = "The European Marine Board recently published a position paper on linking oceans and human health as a strategic research priority for Europe. With this position paper as a reference, the March 2014 Cornwall Oceans and Human Health Workshop brought together key scientists, policy makers, funders, business, and non governmental organisations from Europe and the US to review the recent interdisciplinary and cutting edge research in oceans and human health specifically the growing evidence of the impacts of oceans and seas on human health and wellbeing (and the effects of humans on the oceans). These impacts are a complex mixture of negative influences (e.g. from climate change and extreme weather to harmful algal blooms and chemical pollution) and beneficial factors (e.g. from natural products including seafood to marine renewable energy and wellbeing from interactions with coastal environments). Integrated approaches across disciplines, institutions, and nations in science and policy are needed to protect both the oceans and human health and wellbeing now and in the future.",
keywords = "Anthropogenic chemicals, Aquaculture, Benefits, Blue carbon, Blue gym, Climate change, EU policy, Fisheries, Harmful algal blooms, Marine biotechnology, Marine energy, Microbial pollution, Ocean acidification, Ocean literacy, Risks, Seafood",
author = "Fleming, {L. E.} and N. McDonough and M. Austen and L. Mee and M. Moore and P. Hess and Depledge, {M. H.} and M. White and K. Philippart and P. Bradbrook and A. Smalley",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of all the participants in the Oceans and Human Health Workshop (Bedruthan Steps, Cornwall, UK; March 20–21, 2014) with more information available at www.ecehh.org/events/oceans-human-health/ ; and the authors of the European Marine Board White Paper on Oceans and Human Health ( http://www.marineboard.eu/images/publications/Oceans%20and%20Human%20Health-214.pdf ). Funding was provided by the European Marine Board, Oostende, Belgium ; the European Regional Development Fund Programme 2007 to 2013 and European Social Fund Convergence Programme for Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly (European Centre for Environment and Human Health, the University of Exeter Medical School, Truro, Cornwall, UK); Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), Plymouth UK; Scottish Association for Marine Sciences (SAMS), Oban, Scotland; the Institut Francais de Recherche Pour L'exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Nantes, France; the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme ( FP7/2007 – 2013 ) within the Ocean of Tomorrow call under Grant Agreement No. 266445 for the project Vectors of Change in Oceans and Seas Marine Life, Impact on Economic Sectors (VECTORS). Funding Information: Over the past two decades, the importance of oceans for human health as an area for research, training and policy has been recognized in the US. This is evidenced by the establishment of a network of dedicated oceans and human health research centres in both academic and government institutions funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ( National Research Council, 1999; Knap et al., 2002; Laws et al., 2008 ). With the exception of a few specific regional programmes (e.g. EU BONUS as a joint Baltic Sea regional research and development initiative), Europe has largely failed to promote an integrated interdisciplinary and collaborative research effort in this area on a scale necessary to address the public health implications of rapidly increasing human activity in European seas and oceans, and especially in the coastal zones. The European Union has set a policy objective of achieving “good environmental status” (GES) in European marine waters by 2020 through its adoption of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive ( EC, 2008 ). However, the extent to which the specific measures required to achieve good environmental status are, in turn, linked to human health and wellbeing is limited, and there are important gaps in our knowledge of the complex interactions between the marine environment and human health. Despite the concern for the marine environment which has been translated into the European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive, there still remains a need, therefore, to link climate change, ecosystem understanding, and life sciences with public health and social sciences ( Moore et al., 2013; Depledge et al., 2013 ). ",
year = "2014",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.05.010",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "99",
pages = "16--19",
journal = "Marine Environmental Research",
issn = "0141-1136",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}
