TY - JOUR
T1 - Obstructive sleep apnea and stroke
T2 - Links to health disparities
AU - Ramos, Alberto R.
AU - Seixas, Azizi
AU - Dib, Salim I.
N1 - Funding Information:
Diversity supplement to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health under grant number U54NS081765 (AAS).
Funding Information:
Funding: The project described was also supported by grant number 1KL2TR000461 (ARR), Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute , from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 National Sleep Foundation.
PY - 2015/12/1
Y1 - 2015/12/1
N2 - Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a novel cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factor that presents unique opportunities to understand and reduce seemingly intractable stroke disparity among non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanic/Latinos. Individuals from these 2 groups have up to a 2-fold risk of stroke and greater burden of OSA. Obstructive sleep apnea directly and indirectly increases risk of stroke through a variety of autonomic, chemical, and inflammatory mechanisms and vascular risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Untreated OSA exacerbates poststroke prognosis, as it may also influence rehabilitation efforts and functional outcomes such as cognitive function after a stroke. Conversely, treatment of OSA may reduce the risk of stroke and may yield better poststroke prognosis. Unfortunately, in racial/ethnic minority groups, there are limited awareness, knowledge, and screening opportunities for OSA. Increasing awareness and improving screening strategies for OSA in minorities may alleviate stroke risk burden and improve stroke outcomes in these populations. This review article is intended to highlight the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of OSA in relation to stroke risk, with an emphasis on race-ethnic disparities.
AB - Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a novel cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factor that presents unique opportunities to understand and reduce seemingly intractable stroke disparity among non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanic/Latinos. Individuals from these 2 groups have up to a 2-fold risk of stroke and greater burden of OSA. Obstructive sleep apnea directly and indirectly increases risk of stroke through a variety of autonomic, chemical, and inflammatory mechanisms and vascular risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Untreated OSA exacerbates poststroke prognosis, as it may also influence rehabilitation efforts and functional outcomes such as cognitive function after a stroke. Conversely, treatment of OSA may reduce the risk of stroke and may yield better poststroke prognosis. Unfortunately, in racial/ethnic minority groups, there are limited awareness, knowledge, and screening opportunities for OSA. Increasing awareness and improving screening strategies for OSA in minorities may alleviate stroke risk burden and improve stroke outcomes in these populations. This review article is intended to highlight the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of OSA in relation to stroke risk, with an emphasis on race-ethnic disparities.
KW - Black
KW - Health disparities
KW - Hispanics/Latinos
KW - Obstructive sleep apnea
KW - Sleep duration
KW - Stroke
KW - Vascular cognitive impairment
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U2 - 10.1016/j.sleh.2015.09.005
DO - 10.1016/j.sleh.2015.09.005
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84960086771
VL - 1
SP - 244
EP - 248
JO - Sleep Health
JF - Sleep Health
SN - 2352-7218
IS - 4
ER -