Abstract
Neurotransmitters, including catecholamines and serotonin, play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the human body. Studies on these neurotransmitters mainly revolved around their role in the “fight or flight” response, transmitting signals across a chemical synapse and modulating blood flow throughout the body. However, recent research has demonstrated that neurotransmitters can play a significant role in the gastrointestinal (GI) physiology. Norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), dopamine (DA), and serotonin have recently been a topic of interest because of their roles in the gut physiology and their potential roles in GI and central nervous system pathophysiology. These neurotransmitters are able to regulate and control not only blood flow, but also affect gut motility, nutrient absorption, GI innate immune system, and the microbiome. Furthermore, in pathological states, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Parkinson's disease, the levels of these neurotransmitters are dysregulated, therefore causing a variety of GI symptoms. Research in this field has shown that exogenous manipulation of catecholamine serum concentrations can help in decreasing symptomology and/or disease progression. In this review article, we discuss the current state-of-the-art research and literature regarding the role of neurotransmitters in regulation of normal GI physiology, their impact on several disease processes, and novel work focused on the use of exogenous hormones and/or psychotropic medications to improve disease symptomology. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2359–2372, 2017.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2359-2372 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | Journal of Cellular Physiology |
| Volume | 232 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 1 2017 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)
- Physiology
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
Cite this
Neurotransmitters : The Critical Modulators Regulating Gut–Brain Axis. / Mittal, Rahul; Debs, Luca H.; Patel, Amit P.; Nguyen, Desiree; Patel, Kunal; O'Connor, Gregory; Grati, M'hamed; Mittal, Jeenu; Yan, Denise; Eshraghi, Adrien; Deo, Sapna K; Daunert, Sylvia; Liu, Xue Z.
In: Journal of Cellular Physiology, Vol. 232, No. 9, 01.09.2017, p. 2359-2372.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Neurotransmitters
T2 - The Critical Modulators Regulating Gut–Brain Axis
AU - Mittal, Rahul
AU - Debs, Luca H.
AU - Patel, Amit P.
AU - Nguyen, Desiree
AU - Patel, Kunal
AU - O'Connor, Gregory
AU - Grati, M'hamed
AU - Mittal, Jeenu
AU - Yan, Denise
AU - Eshraghi, Adrien
AU - Deo, Sapna K
AU - Daunert, Sylvia
AU - Liu, Xue Z
PY - 2017/9/1
Y1 - 2017/9/1
N2 - Neurotransmitters, including catecholamines and serotonin, play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the human body. Studies on these neurotransmitters mainly revolved around their role in the “fight or flight” response, transmitting signals across a chemical synapse and modulating blood flow throughout the body. However, recent research has demonstrated that neurotransmitters can play a significant role in the gastrointestinal (GI) physiology. Norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), dopamine (DA), and serotonin have recently been a topic of interest because of their roles in the gut physiology and their potential roles in GI and central nervous system pathophysiology. These neurotransmitters are able to regulate and control not only blood flow, but also affect gut motility, nutrient absorption, GI innate immune system, and the microbiome. Furthermore, in pathological states, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Parkinson's disease, the levels of these neurotransmitters are dysregulated, therefore causing a variety of GI symptoms. Research in this field has shown that exogenous manipulation of catecholamine serum concentrations can help in decreasing symptomology and/or disease progression. In this review article, we discuss the current state-of-the-art research and literature regarding the role of neurotransmitters in regulation of normal GI physiology, their impact on several disease processes, and novel work focused on the use of exogenous hormones and/or psychotropic medications to improve disease symptomology. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2359–2372, 2017.
AB - Neurotransmitters, including catecholamines and serotonin, play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the human body. Studies on these neurotransmitters mainly revolved around their role in the “fight or flight” response, transmitting signals across a chemical synapse and modulating blood flow throughout the body. However, recent research has demonstrated that neurotransmitters can play a significant role in the gastrointestinal (GI) physiology. Norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), dopamine (DA), and serotonin have recently been a topic of interest because of their roles in the gut physiology and their potential roles in GI and central nervous system pathophysiology. These neurotransmitters are able to regulate and control not only blood flow, but also affect gut motility, nutrient absorption, GI innate immune system, and the microbiome. Furthermore, in pathological states, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Parkinson's disease, the levels of these neurotransmitters are dysregulated, therefore causing a variety of GI symptoms. Research in this field has shown that exogenous manipulation of catecholamine serum concentrations can help in decreasing symptomology and/or disease progression. In this review article, we discuss the current state-of-the-art research and literature regarding the role of neurotransmitters in regulation of normal GI physiology, their impact on several disease processes, and novel work focused on the use of exogenous hormones and/or psychotropic medications to improve disease symptomology. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2359–2372, 2017.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85018467931&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85018467931&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/jcp.25518
DO - 10.1002/jcp.25518
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27512962
AN - SCOPUS:85018467931
VL - 232
SP - 2359
EP - 2372
JO - Journal of Cellular Physiology
JF - Journal of Cellular Physiology
SN - 0021-9541
IS - 9
ER -