Abstract
Background: Identifying how racial/ethnic residential segregation and mobility may impact health can guide innovative strategies for reducing youth disparities. Methods: This natural experiment examined the association between change in residential segregation and cardiovascular health outcomes across race/ethnicity and gender for youth (n=2250, mean age 9.1 years, 54% male; 51% Hispanic, 49% non-Hispanic black (NHB); 49% high area poverty) attending a multisite park-based afterschool fitness programme in Florida, USA. Two-level generalised linear mixed models with random intercepts for park effects were fit to test the change in segregation-cardiovascular health association over two school years. Results: After covariate adjustment (individual-level gender, race/ethnicity, age, time and park-area poverty), greater improvements in cardiovascular health including body mass index percentile, sum of skinfold thicknesses, systolic/diastolic blood pressure percentiles and 400 m run time were found for youth who attended the program in a less segregated area compared with their home area (p<0.05 for all outcomes). NHB girls showed the greatest cardiovascular health improvements. Specifically, compared with the reference group (no change in segregation), skinfold thicknesses and systolic blood pressure percentiles decreased 17% (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 95% CI 0.81 to 0.86) and 16% (IRR 95% CI 0.82 to 0.87), respectively, versus 1% increase for both outcomes (IRR 95% CI 0.98 to 1.05) and (IRR 95% CI 0.98 to 1.05), respectively, for movement to less versus more segregated areas. Conclusion: In light of a continually expanding youth obesity epidemic, the global effort to reduce health inequities may be supported through Parks and Recreation Departments given potential to expand geographic mobility for low resource subgroups.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Journal | Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health |
| DOIs | |
| State | Accepted/In press - May 10 2018 |
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Keywords
- Child Health
- Ethnicity
- Gender
- Health Inequalities
- Neighborhood/place
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Epidemiology
- Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Cite this
Natural experiment examining the longitudinal association between change in residential segregation and youth cardiovascular health across race/ethnicity and gender in the USA. / D'Agostino, Emily M.; Patel, Hersila H.; Ahmed, Zafar; Hansen, Eric; Mathew, M. Sunil; Nardi, Maria I.; Messiah, Sarah.
In: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 10.05.2018.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Natural experiment examining the longitudinal association between change in residential segregation and youth cardiovascular health across race/ethnicity and gender in the USA
AU - D'Agostino, Emily M.
AU - Patel, Hersila H.
AU - Ahmed, Zafar
AU - Hansen, Eric
AU - Mathew, M. Sunil
AU - Nardi, Maria I.
AU - Messiah, Sarah
PY - 2018/5/10
Y1 - 2018/5/10
N2 - Background: Identifying how racial/ethnic residential segregation and mobility may impact health can guide innovative strategies for reducing youth disparities. Methods: This natural experiment examined the association between change in residential segregation and cardiovascular health outcomes across race/ethnicity and gender for youth (n=2250, mean age 9.1 years, 54% male; 51% Hispanic, 49% non-Hispanic black (NHB); 49% high area poverty) attending a multisite park-based afterschool fitness programme in Florida, USA. Two-level generalised linear mixed models with random intercepts for park effects were fit to test the change in segregation-cardiovascular health association over two school years. Results: After covariate adjustment (individual-level gender, race/ethnicity, age, time and park-area poverty), greater improvements in cardiovascular health including body mass index percentile, sum of skinfold thicknesses, systolic/diastolic blood pressure percentiles and 400 m run time were found for youth who attended the program in a less segregated area compared with their home area (p<0.05 for all outcomes). NHB girls showed the greatest cardiovascular health improvements. Specifically, compared with the reference group (no change in segregation), skinfold thicknesses and systolic blood pressure percentiles decreased 17% (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 95% CI 0.81 to 0.86) and 16% (IRR 95% CI 0.82 to 0.87), respectively, versus 1% increase for both outcomes (IRR 95% CI 0.98 to 1.05) and (IRR 95% CI 0.98 to 1.05), respectively, for movement to less versus more segregated areas. Conclusion: In light of a continually expanding youth obesity epidemic, the global effort to reduce health inequities may be supported through Parks and Recreation Departments given potential to expand geographic mobility for low resource subgroups.
AB - Background: Identifying how racial/ethnic residential segregation and mobility may impact health can guide innovative strategies for reducing youth disparities. Methods: This natural experiment examined the association between change in residential segregation and cardiovascular health outcomes across race/ethnicity and gender for youth (n=2250, mean age 9.1 years, 54% male; 51% Hispanic, 49% non-Hispanic black (NHB); 49% high area poverty) attending a multisite park-based afterschool fitness programme in Florida, USA. Two-level generalised linear mixed models with random intercepts for park effects were fit to test the change in segregation-cardiovascular health association over two school years. Results: After covariate adjustment (individual-level gender, race/ethnicity, age, time and park-area poverty), greater improvements in cardiovascular health including body mass index percentile, sum of skinfold thicknesses, systolic/diastolic blood pressure percentiles and 400 m run time were found for youth who attended the program in a less segregated area compared with their home area (p<0.05 for all outcomes). NHB girls showed the greatest cardiovascular health improvements. Specifically, compared with the reference group (no change in segregation), skinfold thicknesses and systolic blood pressure percentiles decreased 17% (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 95% CI 0.81 to 0.86) and 16% (IRR 95% CI 0.82 to 0.87), respectively, versus 1% increase for both outcomes (IRR 95% CI 0.98 to 1.05) and (IRR 95% CI 0.98 to 1.05), respectively, for movement to less versus more segregated areas. Conclusion: In light of a continually expanding youth obesity epidemic, the global effort to reduce health inequities may be supported through Parks and Recreation Departments given potential to expand geographic mobility for low resource subgroups.
KW - Child Health
KW - Ethnicity
KW - Gender
KW - Health Inequalities
KW - Neighborhood/place
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85047968294&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85047968294&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1136/jech-2018-210592
DO - 10.1136/jech-2018-210592
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85047968294
JO - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
JF - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
SN - 0143-005X
ER -