TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular mechanisms of psychiatric diseases
AU - Blokhin, Ilya O.
AU - Khorkova, Olga
AU - Saveanu, Radu V.
AU - Wahlestedt, Claes
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institute of Health ( R01-AA023781 and supplement R01-AA023781-04S1 to CW) as well as Awards from the American Psychiatric Association and University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (to IOB).
PY - 2020/12
Y1 - 2020/12
N2 - For most psychiatric diseases, pathogenetic concepts as well as paradigms underlying neuropsychopharmacologic approaches currently revolve around neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. However, despite the fact that several generations of neurotransmitter-based psychotropics including atypical antipsychotics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are available, the effectiveness of these medications is limited, and relapse rates in psychiatric diseases are relatively high, indicating potential involvement of other pathogenetic pathways. Indeed, recent high-throughput studies in genetics and molecular biology have shown that pathogenesis of major psychiatric illnesses involves hundreds of genes and numerous pathways via such fundamental processes as DNA methylation, transcription, and splicing. Current review summarizes these and other molecular mechanisms of such psychiatric illnesses as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and alcohol use disorder and suggests a conceptual framework for future studies.
AB - For most psychiatric diseases, pathogenetic concepts as well as paradigms underlying neuropsychopharmacologic approaches currently revolve around neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. However, despite the fact that several generations of neurotransmitter-based psychotropics including atypical antipsychotics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are available, the effectiveness of these medications is limited, and relapse rates in psychiatric diseases are relatively high, indicating potential involvement of other pathogenetic pathways. Indeed, recent high-throughput studies in genetics and molecular biology have shown that pathogenesis of major psychiatric illnesses involves hundreds of genes and numerous pathways via such fundamental processes as DNA methylation, transcription, and splicing. Current review summarizes these and other molecular mechanisms of such psychiatric illnesses as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and alcohol use disorder and suggests a conceptual framework for future studies.
KW - Alcohol use disorder
KW - DNA methylation
KW - Histones
KW - Major depressive disorder
KW - Non-coding RNAs
KW - Schizophrenia
KW - Splicing
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U2 - 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105136
DO - 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105136
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33080337
AN - SCOPUS:85093665924
VL - 146
JO - Neurobiology of Disease
JF - Neurobiology of Disease
SN - 0969-9961
M1 - 105136
ER -