Abstract
Background: Both CO 2 inhalation followed by hyperventilation and breath-holding have been utilized to measure cerebral vasomotor reactivity (VMR) but their correlation has been poorly studied and understood. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 143 subjects (62.6 ± 15.8 years old, 64% men) with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measurement of mean flow velocity (MFV) at baseline, after 30 seconds of breath-holding, and after CO 2 inhalation followed by hyperventilation, in the left and right middle cerebral artery. Breath-holding index (BHI) was calculated as the percentage of MFV increase from baseline per second of apnea. CO 2 inhalation/hyperventilation index (CO 2/HV) was calculated as the percentage of MFV difference between CO 2 inhalation and hyperventilation. Results: There were 75 carotid arteries with >70% stenosis or occlusion, and 18 middle cerebral arteries with >50% stenosis or occlusion. The mean BHI was 0.93 ± 0.7 and 0.89 ± 0.6, whereas the mean CO 2/HV was 61 ± 26% and 60 ± 26%, respectively, on the right and left sides. The correlation between BHI and CO 2/HV was moderate on the right (r = 0.33; p < 0.01) and left sides (r = 0.38; p < 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that age (p = 0.01) and history of stroke (p = 0.007) were associated independently with an impaired VMR on the right as measured by CO 2/HV. No predictors for impaired VMR by CO 2/HV on the left and by BHI on either side were found. Conclusions: CO 2/HV and BHI are only moderately correlated. Further studies are necessary to determine which method more accurately predicts clinical morbidity.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 554-558 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Journal of Clinical Ultrasound |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue number | 9 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Nov 1 2012 |
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Keywords
- Carbon dioxide
- Cerebrovascular reactivity
- Hypercapnia
- Hypocapnia
- Transcranial Doppler
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
Moderate correlation between breath-holding and CO 2 inhalation/hyperventilation methods for transcranial doppler evaluation of cerebral vasoreactivity. / Haussen, Diogo C.; Katsnelson, Michael; Rodriguez, Abiezer; Campo, Nelly; Campo-Bustillo, Iszet; Romano, Jose G; Koch, Sebastian.
In: Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, Vol. 40, No. 9, 01.11.2012, p. 554-558.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Moderate correlation between breath-holding and CO 2 inhalation/hyperventilation methods for transcranial doppler evaluation of cerebral vasoreactivity
AU - Haussen, Diogo C.
AU - Katsnelson, Michael
AU - Rodriguez, Abiezer
AU - Campo, Nelly
AU - Campo-Bustillo, Iszet
AU - Romano, Jose G
AU - Koch, Sebastian
PY - 2012/11/1
Y1 - 2012/11/1
N2 - Background: Both CO 2 inhalation followed by hyperventilation and breath-holding have been utilized to measure cerebral vasomotor reactivity (VMR) but their correlation has been poorly studied and understood. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 143 subjects (62.6 ± 15.8 years old, 64% men) with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measurement of mean flow velocity (MFV) at baseline, after 30 seconds of breath-holding, and after CO 2 inhalation followed by hyperventilation, in the left and right middle cerebral artery. Breath-holding index (BHI) was calculated as the percentage of MFV increase from baseline per second of apnea. CO 2 inhalation/hyperventilation index (CO 2/HV) was calculated as the percentage of MFV difference between CO 2 inhalation and hyperventilation. Results: There were 75 carotid arteries with >70% stenosis or occlusion, and 18 middle cerebral arteries with >50% stenosis or occlusion. The mean BHI was 0.93 ± 0.7 and 0.89 ± 0.6, whereas the mean CO 2/HV was 61 ± 26% and 60 ± 26%, respectively, on the right and left sides. The correlation between BHI and CO 2/HV was moderate on the right (r = 0.33; p < 0.01) and left sides (r = 0.38; p < 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that age (p = 0.01) and history of stroke (p = 0.007) were associated independently with an impaired VMR on the right as measured by CO 2/HV. No predictors for impaired VMR by CO 2/HV on the left and by BHI on either side were found. Conclusions: CO 2/HV and BHI are only moderately correlated. Further studies are necessary to determine which method more accurately predicts clinical morbidity.
AB - Background: Both CO 2 inhalation followed by hyperventilation and breath-holding have been utilized to measure cerebral vasomotor reactivity (VMR) but their correlation has been poorly studied and understood. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 143 subjects (62.6 ± 15.8 years old, 64% men) with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measurement of mean flow velocity (MFV) at baseline, after 30 seconds of breath-holding, and after CO 2 inhalation followed by hyperventilation, in the left and right middle cerebral artery. Breath-holding index (BHI) was calculated as the percentage of MFV increase from baseline per second of apnea. CO 2 inhalation/hyperventilation index (CO 2/HV) was calculated as the percentage of MFV difference between CO 2 inhalation and hyperventilation. Results: There were 75 carotid arteries with >70% stenosis or occlusion, and 18 middle cerebral arteries with >50% stenosis or occlusion. The mean BHI was 0.93 ± 0.7 and 0.89 ± 0.6, whereas the mean CO 2/HV was 61 ± 26% and 60 ± 26%, respectively, on the right and left sides. The correlation between BHI and CO 2/HV was moderate on the right (r = 0.33; p < 0.01) and left sides (r = 0.38; p < 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that age (p = 0.01) and history of stroke (p = 0.007) were associated independently with an impaired VMR on the right as measured by CO 2/HV. No predictors for impaired VMR by CO 2/HV on the left and by BHI on either side were found. Conclusions: CO 2/HV and BHI are only moderately correlated. Further studies are necessary to determine which method more accurately predicts clinical morbidity.
KW - Carbon dioxide
KW - Cerebrovascular reactivity
KW - Hypercapnia
KW - Hypocapnia
KW - Transcranial Doppler
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84867746931&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84867746931&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/jcu.21944
DO - 10.1002/jcu.21944
M3 - Article
C2 - 22638984
AN - SCOPUS:84867746931
VL - 40
SP - 554
EP - 558
JO - Journal of Clinical Ultrasound
JF - Journal of Clinical Ultrasound
SN - 0091-2751
IS - 9
ER -