Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant clinical problem with few therapeutic interventions successfully translated to the clinic. Increased importance on the progressive, long-term consequences of TBI have been emphasized, both in the experimental and clinical literature. Thus, there is a need for a better understanding of the chronic consequences of TBI, with the ultimate goal of developing novel therapeutic interventions to treat the devastating consequences of brain injury. In models of mild, moderate, and severe TBI, histopathological and behavioral studies have emphasized the progressive nature of the initial traumatic insult and the involvement of multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, including sustained injury cascades leading to prolonged motor and cognitive deficits. Recently, the increased incidence in age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases in this patient population has also been emphasized. Pathomechanisms felt to be active in the acute and long-term consequences of TBI include excitotoxicity, apoptosis, inflammatory events, seizures, demyelination, white matter pathology, as well as decreased neurogenesis. The current article will review many of these pathophysiological mechanisms that may be important targets for limiting the chronic consequences of TBI.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1834-1848 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | Journal of Neurotrauma |
| Volume | 32 |
| Issue number | 23 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 1 2015 |
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Keywords
- atrophy
- inflammation
- neurogenesis
- progressive damage
- TBI
- white matter
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Clinical Neurology
Cite this
Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury : Current Status of Potential Mechanisms of Injury and Neurological Outcomes. / Bramlett, Helen; Dalton Dietrich, W.
In: Journal of Neurotrauma, Vol. 32, No. 23, 01.12.2015, p. 1834-1848.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury
T2 - Current Status of Potential Mechanisms of Injury and Neurological Outcomes
AU - Bramlett, Helen
AU - Dalton Dietrich, W.
PY - 2015/12/1
Y1 - 2015/12/1
N2 - Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant clinical problem with few therapeutic interventions successfully translated to the clinic. Increased importance on the progressive, long-term consequences of TBI have been emphasized, both in the experimental and clinical literature. Thus, there is a need for a better understanding of the chronic consequences of TBI, with the ultimate goal of developing novel therapeutic interventions to treat the devastating consequences of brain injury. In models of mild, moderate, and severe TBI, histopathological and behavioral studies have emphasized the progressive nature of the initial traumatic insult and the involvement of multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, including sustained injury cascades leading to prolonged motor and cognitive deficits. Recently, the increased incidence in age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases in this patient population has also been emphasized. Pathomechanisms felt to be active in the acute and long-term consequences of TBI include excitotoxicity, apoptosis, inflammatory events, seizures, demyelination, white matter pathology, as well as decreased neurogenesis. The current article will review many of these pathophysiological mechanisms that may be important targets for limiting the chronic consequences of TBI.
AB - Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant clinical problem with few therapeutic interventions successfully translated to the clinic. Increased importance on the progressive, long-term consequences of TBI have been emphasized, both in the experimental and clinical literature. Thus, there is a need for a better understanding of the chronic consequences of TBI, with the ultimate goal of developing novel therapeutic interventions to treat the devastating consequences of brain injury. In models of mild, moderate, and severe TBI, histopathological and behavioral studies have emphasized the progressive nature of the initial traumatic insult and the involvement of multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, including sustained injury cascades leading to prolonged motor and cognitive deficits. Recently, the increased incidence in age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases in this patient population has also been emphasized. Pathomechanisms felt to be active in the acute and long-term consequences of TBI include excitotoxicity, apoptosis, inflammatory events, seizures, demyelination, white matter pathology, as well as decreased neurogenesis. The current article will review many of these pathophysiological mechanisms that may be important targets for limiting the chronic consequences of TBI.
KW - atrophy
KW - inflammation
KW - neurogenesis
KW - progressive damage
KW - TBI
KW - white matter
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U2 - 10.1089/neu.2014.3352
DO - 10.1089/neu.2014.3352
M3 - Article
VL - 32
SP - 1834
EP - 1848
JO - Journal of Neurotrauma
JF - Journal of Neurotrauma
SN - 0897-7151
IS - 23
ER -