TY - JOUR
T1 - Leisure-time physical activity associates with cognitive decline
AU - Willey, Joshua Z.
AU - Gardener, Hannah
AU - Caunca, Michelle R.
AU - Moon, Yeseon Park
AU - Dong, Chuanhui
AU - Cheung, Yuen K.
AU - Sacco, Ralph L.
AU - Elkind, Mitchell S.V.
AU - Wright, Clinton B.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Willey is supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS K23 NS 073104). Dr. Wright is supported by a related grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI R01 HL 108623) and by the Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute. Funding for this project was provided by NIH/NINDS R37 NS 29993. The sponsor had no role in the design, methods, participant recruitment, data collections, analysis, and preparation of the manuscript.
PY - 2016/5/17
Y1 - 2016/5/17
N2 - Objective: Because leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is protective against incident dementia, we hypothesized that LTPA is protective against decline in domain-specific cognitive performance. Methods: As part of the Northern Manhattan Study, LTPA was ascertained at enrollment using a validated in-person questionnaire. We assessed cognition in participants in the Northern Manhattan Study MRI substudy using a standard neuropsychological examination (NPE) (n 1,228), and a repeat examination was performed 5 years later (n 876). LTPA was summarized as the maximum intensity of any activity performed, classified as none to light intensity (physical inactivity) (90%) vs moderate to heavy intensity (10%). The NPE was subcategorized using standardized z scores over validated domains: processing speed, semantic memory, episodic memory, and executive function. We used multivariable linear regression models to examine the association of LTPA with initial and change in cognitive performance. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographics, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and MRI findings (white matter hyperintensity volume, silent brain infarcts, cerebral volume). Results: No/low levels of LTPA were associated with worse executive function, semantic memory, and processing speed scores on the first NPE. The associations were slightly attenuated and no longer significant after adjusting for vascular risk factors. Cognitively unimpaired participants reporting no/low LTPA vs moderate/high levels declined more over time in processing speed (β -0.231 ± 0.112, p 0.040) and episodic memory (β -0.223 ± 0.117, p 0.057) adjusting for sociodemographic and vascular risk factors. Conclusions: A low level of LTPA is independently associated with greater decline in cognitive performance over time across domains.
AB - Objective: Because leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is protective against incident dementia, we hypothesized that LTPA is protective against decline in domain-specific cognitive performance. Methods: As part of the Northern Manhattan Study, LTPA was ascertained at enrollment using a validated in-person questionnaire. We assessed cognition in participants in the Northern Manhattan Study MRI substudy using a standard neuropsychological examination (NPE) (n 1,228), and a repeat examination was performed 5 years later (n 876). LTPA was summarized as the maximum intensity of any activity performed, classified as none to light intensity (physical inactivity) (90%) vs moderate to heavy intensity (10%). The NPE was subcategorized using standardized z scores over validated domains: processing speed, semantic memory, episodic memory, and executive function. We used multivariable linear regression models to examine the association of LTPA with initial and change in cognitive performance. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographics, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and MRI findings (white matter hyperintensity volume, silent brain infarcts, cerebral volume). Results: No/low levels of LTPA were associated with worse executive function, semantic memory, and processing speed scores on the first NPE. The associations were slightly attenuated and no longer significant after adjusting for vascular risk factors. Cognitively unimpaired participants reporting no/low LTPA vs moderate/high levels declined more over time in processing speed (β -0.231 ± 0.112, p 0.040) and episodic memory (β -0.223 ± 0.117, p 0.057) adjusting for sociodemographic and vascular risk factors. Conclusions: A low level of LTPA is independently associated with greater decline in cognitive performance over time across domains.
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U2 - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002582
DO - 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002582
M3 - Article
C2 - 27009261
AN - SCOPUS:84969180660
VL - 86
SP - 1897
EP - 1903
JO - Neurology
JF - Neurology
SN - 0028-3878
IS - 20
ER -