Abstract
Most demersal fishes undergo a dispersal phase as larvae, which strongly influences the connectivity among adult populations and, consequently, their genetic structure and replenishment opportunities. Because this phase is difficult to observe directly, it is frequently simulated through numerical models, most of which consider larvae as passive or only vertically migrating. However, in several locations, including the Mediterranean Sea, many species have been shown to swim fast and orient. Here we use a Lagrangian model to study connectivity patterns among three Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and compare simulations in which virtual larvae are passive to simulations in which oriented swimming is implemented. The parameterization of behavior is based on observations for two groups of species of the family Sparidae: species with small larvae (i.e., 9-11 mm), displaying a maximum swimming speed of 6 cm s-1 and a pelagic larval duration of 13-19 days (e.g., Diplodus annularis L., Oblada melanura L.) and species with large larvae (i.e., 14-16 mm), displaying a maximum swimming speed of 10 cm s-1 and a PLD of 28-38 days (e.g., Spondyliosoma cantharus L.). Including larval behavior in the model (i) increased the overall proportion of successful settlers, (ii) enhanced self-recruitment within the MPAs, but also (iii) increased the intensity, and (iv) widened the export of eggs and larvae (recruitment subsidy) from the MPAs; overall, it significantly changed connectivity patterns. These results highlight the need to gather the observational data that are required to correctly parameterize connectivity models.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | 97 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue number | MAR |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 26 2018 |
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Keywords
- Behavior
- Connectivity
- Dispersal
- Fish larvae
- Marine protected areas
- Mediterranean sea
- Modeling
- Swimming
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Oceanography
- Global and Planetary Change
- Aquatic Science
- Water Science and Technology
- Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
- Ocean Engineering
Cite this
Larval fish swimming behavior alters dispersal patterns from marine protected areas in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea. / Faillettaz, Robin; Paris-Limouzy, Claire B; Irisson, Jean Olivier.
In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol. 5, No. MAR, 97, 26.03.2018.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Larval fish swimming behavior alters dispersal patterns from marine protected areas in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea
AU - Faillettaz, Robin
AU - Paris-Limouzy, Claire B
AU - Irisson, Jean Olivier
PY - 2018/3/26
Y1 - 2018/3/26
N2 - Most demersal fishes undergo a dispersal phase as larvae, which strongly influences the connectivity among adult populations and, consequently, their genetic structure and replenishment opportunities. Because this phase is difficult to observe directly, it is frequently simulated through numerical models, most of which consider larvae as passive or only vertically migrating. However, in several locations, including the Mediterranean Sea, many species have been shown to swim fast and orient. Here we use a Lagrangian model to study connectivity patterns among three Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and compare simulations in which virtual larvae are passive to simulations in which oriented swimming is implemented. The parameterization of behavior is based on observations for two groups of species of the family Sparidae: species with small larvae (i.e., 9-11 mm), displaying a maximum swimming speed of 6 cm s-1 and a pelagic larval duration of 13-19 days (e.g., Diplodus annularis L., Oblada melanura L.) and species with large larvae (i.e., 14-16 mm), displaying a maximum swimming speed of 10 cm s-1 and a PLD of 28-38 days (e.g., Spondyliosoma cantharus L.). Including larval behavior in the model (i) increased the overall proportion of successful settlers, (ii) enhanced self-recruitment within the MPAs, but also (iii) increased the intensity, and (iv) widened the export of eggs and larvae (recruitment subsidy) from the MPAs; overall, it significantly changed connectivity patterns. These results highlight the need to gather the observational data that are required to correctly parameterize connectivity models.
AB - Most demersal fishes undergo a dispersal phase as larvae, which strongly influences the connectivity among adult populations and, consequently, their genetic structure and replenishment opportunities. Because this phase is difficult to observe directly, it is frequently simulated through numerical models, most of which consider larvae as passive or only vertically migrating. However, in several locations, including the Mediterranean Sea, many species have been shown to swim fast and orient. Here we use a Lagrangian model to study connectivity patterns among three Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and compare simulations in which virtual larvae are passive to simulations in which oriented swimming is implemented. The parameterization of behavior is based on observations for two groups of species of the family Sparidae: species with small larvae (i.e., 9-11 mm), displaying a maximum swimming speed of 6 cm s-1 and a pelagic larval duration of 13-19 days (e.g., Diplodus annularis L., Oblada melanura L.) and species with large larvae (i.e., 14-16 mm), displaying a maximum swimming speed of 10 cm s-1 and a PLD of 28-38 days (e.g., Spondyliosoma cantharus L.). Including larval behavior in the model (i) increased the overall proportion of successful settlers, (ii) enhanced self-recruitment within the MPAs, but also (iii) increased the intensity, and (iv) widened the export of eggs and larvae (recruitment subsidy) from the MPAs; overall, it significantly changed connectivity patterns. These results highlight the need to gather the observational data that are required to correctly parameterize connectivity models.
KW - Behavior
KW - Connectivity
KW - Dispersal
KW - Fish larvae
KW - Marine protected areas
KW - Mediterranean sea
KW - Modeling
KW - Swimming
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85044925006&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85044925006&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fmars.2018.00097
DO - 10.3389/fmars.2018.00097
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85044925006
VL - 5
JO - Frontiers in Marine Science
JF - Frontiers in Marine Science
SN - 2296-7745
IS - MAR
M1 - 97
ER -