@article{138234b60b984eacbcd21900517043b1,
title = "Individual and Neighborhood Determinants of Late HIV Diagnosis Among Latinos, Florida, 2007–2011",
abstract = "The objective of this study was to examine individual and neighborhood determinants of late HIV diagnosis by gender and birthplace among Latinos. Florida HIV surveillance data for 2007–2011 were merged with American Community Survey data to estimate the odds of late HIV diagnosis (AIDS within 3 months of HIV diagnosis). Of 5522 HIV-positive Latinos, 26.5 % were diagnosed late. The odds ratio (OR) for late diagnosis was 1.39 times higher for males than females [95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.14–1.69]. Neighborhood-level factors associated with late diagnosis included residing in the 3 highest quartiles of neighborhood unemployment for males. The OR was 1.22 times higher for foreign- than US-born Latinos (95 % CI 1.07–1.40). Among foreign-born, residing in areas in the 2nd and 3rd quartiles of unemployment, in rural areas, and areas with <25 % Hispanic/Latino population were associated with late diagnosis. Population-based HIV testing campaigns may require tailoring to ensure that they effectively reach male Latinos in areas with high unemployment and foreign-born Latinos in rural and predominantly non-Latino areas.",
keywords = "Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Foreign-born Latinos, Human immunodeficiency virus, Late diagnosis, Latinos",
author = "Sheehan, {Diana M.} and Trepka, {Mary Jo} and Fennie, {Kristopher P.} and Guillermo Prado and Purnima Madhivanan and Dillon, {Frank R.} and Maddox, {Lorene M.}",
note = "Funding Information: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) under Award Number F31DA037790 and by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) under award 5R01MD004002 of the National Institutes of Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. To our knowledge this is the first study to identify neighborhood-level predictors of late HIV diagnosis for Latinos beyond rural/urban differences. Findings suggest that HIV testing campaigns in areas with high unemployment are not reaching Latino males. Additionally, foreign-born Latinos in rural and predominantly non-Latino areas appear to be at greater risk of late HIV diagnosis. This study was funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) under Award Number F31DA037790 and by the National Institute on Minority Health & Health Disparities (NIMHD) under award 5R01MD004002 of the National Institutes of Health. DM Sheehan declares no conflicts of interest. MJ Trepka declares no conflicts of interest. KP Fennie declares no conflicts of interest. G Prado declares no conflicts of interest. P Madhivanan declares no conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.",
year = "2017",
month = aug,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1007/s10903-016-0422-2",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "19",
pages = "825--834",
journal = "Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health",
issn = "1557-1912",
publisher = "Springer New York",
number = "4",
}