Impact of Virtual Simulation to Teach Concepts of Disaster Triage

Cynthia L. Foronda; Keith Shubeck; Sandra M. Swoboda; Krysia Warren Hudson; Chakra Budhathoki; Nancy Sullivan; Xiangen Hu

doi:10.1016/j.ecns.2016.02.004

Impact of Virtual Simulation to Teach Concepts of Disaster Triage

Cynthia L. Foronda, Keith Shubeck, Sandra M. Swoboda, Krysia Warren Hudson, Chakra Budhathoki, Nancy Sullivan, Xiangen Hu

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

22 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: At a time when major disasters are occurring with increasing frequency, nurses must understand principles of disaster triage. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a virtual simulation to teach nursing students concepts of triage using the Sort, Assess, Lifesaving Interventions, and Treatment/Transport model. Method: Using a mixed methods approach, six Bachelor of Science in Nursing students participated in a Web-based, virtual simulation of an earthquake. Students took a 20-item, multiple-choice test before and after the simulation and participated in a debriefing session. Results: A Wilcoxon signed rank test suggested no statistically significant improvement on the post-test (p = .168). Qualitative data revealed the following themes: (a) Fun, (b) Appreciation for Immediate Feedback, (c) Better than Reading, and (d) Technical Issues. Conclusions: With the improvement in technology and further educational research efforts, use of virtual simulation may be a teaching solution.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	137-144
Number of pages	8
Journal	Clinical Simulation in Nursing
Volume	12
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2016.02.004
State	Published - Apr 1 2016
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Disaster
Gaming
Nursing
Triage
Virtual reality
Virtual simulation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Modeling and Simulation
Education
Nursing (miscellaneous)

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title = "Impact of Virtual Simulation to Teach Concepts of Disaster Triage",

abstract = "Background: At a time when major disasters are occurring with increasing frequency, nurses must understand principles of disaster triage. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a virtual simulation to teach nursing students concepts of triage using the Sort, Assess, Lifesaving Interventions, and Treatment/Transport model. Method: Using a mixed methods approach, six Bachelor of Science in Nursing students participated in a Web-based, virtual simulation of an earthquake. Students took a 20-item, multiple-choice test before and after the simulation and participated in a debriefing session. Results: A Wilcoxon signed rank test suggested no statistically significant improvement on the post-test (p = .168). Qualitative data revealed the following themes: (a) Fun, (b) Appreciation for Immediate Feedback, (c) Better than Reading, and (d) Technical Issues. Conclusions: With the improvement in technology and further educational research efforts, use of virtual simulation may be a teaching solution.",

keywords = "Disaster, Gaming, Nursing, Triage, Virtual reality, Virtual simulation",

author = "Foronda, {Cynthia L.} and Keith Shubeck and Swoboda, {Sandra M.} and Hudson, {Krysia Warren} and Chakra Budhathoki and Nancy Sullivan and Xiangen Hu",

note = "Funding Information: Although various models of triage exist, SALT has been endorsed as the standard for the United States ( Jones et al., 2014 ). SALT stands for Sort, Assess, Lifesaving Interventions, and Treatment/Transport. “In 2006, the National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP), with funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), convened a work group of subject matter experts from national stakeholder organizations, to examine the science supporting existing mass-casualty triage systems and make a recommendation for the adoption of a single system” ( FICEMS, 2014 , p. 4). It was from this work group that the SALT model emerged. SALT has been endorsed as the guideline for mass-casualty triage for adult and pediatric patients ( Jones et al., 2014 ). Jumpstart (simple triage and rapid transport) is another model for triage; however, it is designed for pediatric patients. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning. Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.ecns.2016.02.004",

language = "English (US)",

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AU - Foronda, Cynthia L.

AU - Shubeck, Keith

AU - Swoboda, Sandra M.

AU - Hudson, Krysia Warren

AU - Budhathoki, Chakra

AU - Sullivan, Nancy

AU - Hu, Xiangen

N1 - Funding Information: Although various models of triage exist, SALT has been endorsed as the standard for the United States ( Jones et al., 2014 ). SALT stands for Sort, Assess, Lifesaving Interventions, and Treatment/Transport. “In 2006, the National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP), with funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), convened a work group of subject matter experts from national stakeholder organizations, to examine the science supporting existing mass-casualty triage systems and make a recommendation for the adoption of a single system” ( FICEMS, 2014 , p. 4). It was from this work group that the SALT model emerged. SALT has been endorsed as the guideline for mass-casualty triage for adult and pediatric patients ( Jones et al., 2014 ). Jumpstart (simple triage and rapid transport) is another model for triage; however, it is designed for pediatric patients. Publisher Copyright: © 2016 International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning. Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2016/4/1

Y1 - 2016/4/1

N2 - Background: At a time when major disasters are occurring with increasing frequency, nurses must understand principles of disaster triage. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a virtual simulation to teach nursing students concepts of triage using the Sort, Assess, Lifesaving Interventions, and Treatment/Transport model. Method: Using a mixed methods approach, six Bachelor of Science in Nursing students participated in a Web-based, virtual simulation of an earthquake. Students took a 20-item, multiple-choice test before and after the simulation and participated in a debriefing session. Results: A Wilcoxon signed rank test suggested no statistically significant improvement on the post-test (p = .168). Qualitative data revealed the following themes: (a) Fun, (b) Appreciation for Immediate Feedback, (c) Better than Reading, and (d) Technical Issues. Conclusions: With the improvement in technology and further educational research efforts, use of virtual simulation may be a teaching solution.

AB - Background: At a time when major disasters are occurring with increasing frequency, nurses must understand principles of disaster triage. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a virtual simulation to teach nursing students concepts of triage using the Sort, Assess, Lifesaving Interventions, and Treatment/Transport model. Method: Using a mixed methods approach, six Bachelor of Science in Nursing students participated in a Web-based, virtual simulation of an earthquake. Students took a 20-item, multiple-choice test before and after the simulation and participated in a debriefing session. Results: A Wilcoxon signed rank test suggested no statistically significant improvement on the post-test (p = .168). Qualitative data revealed the following themes: (a) Fun, (b) Appreciation for Immediate Feedback, (c) Better than Reading, and (d) Technical Issues. Conclusions: With the improvement in technology and further educational research efforts, use of virtual simulation may be a teaching solution.

KW - Disaster

KW - Gaming

KW - Nursing

KW - Triage

KW - Virtual reality

KW - Virtual simulation

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SN - 1876-1399

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ER -

Impact of Virtual Simulation to Teach Concepts of Disaster Triage

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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