Abstract
Purpose of review Little is known on how different antiretroviral (ARV) drugs affect the gut microbiome in HIV infection; and conflicting data exists on the effect of ARV drugs on residual inflammation/immune activation and microbial translocation. Recent findings Gut microbiome involvement in the transmission and pathogenesis of HIV infection is increasingly being recognized. Various studies have shown that antiretroviral therapy (ART) is unable to restore gut health despite effective suppression of plasma HIV viremia. Indeed, the resolution of residual inflammation and gut microbial translocation is partial under ART. Very recent studies have provided new evidence that ARV combinations can differentially affect the gut microbiome, immune activation and microbial translocation. Furthermore, a recent article uncovered a link between drug metabolism and specific microbial species indicating that microbes can directly metabolically degrade ARV drugs when administered topically. Summary There are still many unanswered questions regarding ARVs and the gut microbiome. It is, therefore, critical for researchers to address the effect of distinct ARV drugs on the microbiome and vice versa: The effects of the microbiome on ARV drug metabolism, and speculate about possible therapeutic avenues.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 53-60 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 1 2018 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- antimicrobial properties
- antiretroviral drugs
- butyrate-producing bacteria
- gut microbiome
- microbial dysbiosis
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Oncology(nursing)
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Cite this
Impact of antiretroviral drugs on the microbiome : Unknown answers to important questions. / Pinto-Cardoso, Sandra; Klatt, Nichole; Reyes-Terán, Gustavo.
In: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, Vol. 13, No. 1, 01.01.2018, p. 53-60.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of antiretroviral drugs on the microbiome
T2 - Unknown answers to important questions
AU - Pinto-Cardoso, Sandra
AU - Klatt, Nichole
AU - Reyes-Terán, Gustavo
PY - 2018/1/1
Y1 - 2018/1/1
N2 - Purpose of review Little is known on how different antiretroviral (ARV) drugs affect the gut microbiome in HIV infection; and conflicting data exists on the effect of ARV drugs on residual inflammation/immune activation and microbial translocation. Recent findings Gut microbiome involvement in the transmission and pathogenesis of HIV infection is increasingly being recognized. Various studies have shown that antiretroviral therapy (ART) is unable to restore gut health despite effective suppression of plasma HIV viremia. Indeed, the resolution of residual inflammation and gut microbial translocation is partial under ART. Very recent studies have provided new evidence that ARV combinations can differentially affect the gut microbiome, immune activation and microbial translocation. Furthermore, a recent article uncovered a link between drug metabolism and specific microbial species indicating that microbes can directly metabolically degrade ARV drugs when administered topically. Summary There are still many unanswered questions regarding ARVs and the gut microbiome. It is, therefore, critical for researchers to address the effect of distinct ARV drugs on the microbiome and vice versa: The effects of the microbiome on ARV drug metabolism, and speculate about possible therapeutic avenues.
AB - Purpose of review Little is known on how different antiretroviral (ARV) drugs affect the gut microbiome in HIV infection; and conflicting data exists on the effect of ARV drugs on residual inflammation/immune activation and microbial translocation. Recent findings Gut microbiome involvement in the transmission and pathogenesis of HIV infection is increasingly being recognized. Various studies have shown that antiretroviral therapy (ART) is unable to restore gut health despite effective suppression of plasma HIV viremia. Indeed, the resolution of residual inflammation and gut microbial translocation is partial under ART. Very recent studies have provided new evidence that ARV combinations can differentially affect the gut microbiome, immune activation and microbial translocation. Furthermore, a recent article uncovered a link between drug metabolism and specific microbial species indicating that microbes can directly metabolically degrade ARV drugs when administered topically. Summary There are still many unanswered questions regarding ARVs and the gut microbiome. It is, therefore, critical for researchers to address the effect of distinct ARV drugs on the microbiome and vice versa: The effects of the microbiome on ARV drug metabolism, and speculate about possible therapeutic avenues.
KW - antimicrobial properties
KW - antiretroviral drugs
KW - butyrate-producing bacteria
KW - gut microbiome
KW - microbial dysbiosis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85036645894&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85036645894&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/COH.0000000000000428
DO - 10.1097/COH.0000000000000428
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29028667
AN - SCOPUS:85036645894
VL - 13
SP - 53
EP - 60
JO - Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
JF - Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
SN - 1746-630X
IS - 1
ER -