Abstract
Stratospheric H2O, CH4, and H2 measured during the 1999/2000 Arctic winter are used to examine the total hydrogen budget and to quantify hydration and dehydration within the Arctic polar vortex. The mean volume mixing ratio of equivalent water, H2Oeq = H2O + 2∗CH4, was found to be 7.38 ± 0.11 ppmv in the vortex and 7.35 ± 0.10 ppmv in the extravortex and vortex edge regions, implying insignificant net loss of H2O from the 50-90 hPa layer of the Arctic stratosphere. However, isolated occurrences of hydration and dehydration were observed on several flights. In particular, an average dehydration of 0.31 ppmv was encountered for 440 km along the NASA ER-2 aircraft flight path on 27 January 2000 (0.63 ppmv maximum dehydration). Diabatic back-trajectory calculations indicate that this dehydrated air parcel may have encountered temperatures below the ice frost point two weeks earlier. In addition to these isolated events, measurements of equivalent water indicated a decrease with altitude throughout the lower stratospheric vortex and vortex edge. Potential causes of this altitude dependence are quantified.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Article number | 8320 |
Journal | Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans |
Volume | 107 |
Issue number | D5 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 16 2002 |
Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Arctic
- dehydration
- hydration
- SOLVE
- stratosphere
- water
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Atmospheric Science
- Geophysics
- Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Space and Planetary Science
Cite this
Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere. / Herman, R. L.; Drdla, K.; Spackman, J. R.; Hurst, D. F.; Popp, P. J.; Webster, C. R.; Romashkin, P. A.; Elkins, J. W.; Weinstock, E. M.; Gandrud, B. W.; Toon, G. C.; Schoeberl, M. R.; Jost, H.; Atlas, Elliot L; Bui, T. P.
In: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, Vol. 107, No. D5, 8320, 16.03.2002.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere
AU - Herman, R. L.
AU - Drdla, K.
AU - Spackman, J. R.
AU - Hurst, D. F.
AU - Popp, P. J.
AU - Webster, C. R.
AU - Romashkin, P. A.
AU - Elkins, J. W.
AU - Weinstock, E. M.
AU - Gandrud, B. W.
AU - Toon, G. C.
AU - Schoeberl, M. R.
AU - Jost, H.
AU - Atlas, Elliot L
AU - Bui, T. P.
PY - 2002/3/16
Y1 - 2002/3/16
N2 - Stratospheric H2O, CH4, and H2 measured during the 1999/2000 Arctic winter are used to examine the total hydrogen budget and to quantify hydration and dehydration within the Arctic polar vortex. The mean volume mixing ratio of equivalent water, H2Oeq = H2O + 2∗CH4, was found to be 7.38 ± 0.11 ppmv in the vortex and 7.35 ± 0.10 ppmv in the extravortex and vortex edge regions, implying insignificant net loss of H2O from the 50-90 hPa layer of the Arctic stratosphere. However, isolated occurrences of hydration and dehydration were observed on several flights. In particular, an average dehydration of 0.31 ppmv was encountered for 440 km along the NASA ER-2 aircraft flight path on 27 January 2000 (0.63 ppmv maximum dehydration). Diabatic back-trajectory calculations indicate that this dehydrated air parcel may have encountered temperatures below the ice frost point two weeks earlier. In addition to these isolated events, measurements of equivalent water indicated a decrease with altitude throughout the lower stratospheric vortex and vortex edge. Potential causes of this altitude dependence are quantified.
AB - Stratospheric H2O, CH4, and H2 measured during the 1999/2000 Arctic winter are used to examine the total hydrogen budget and to quantify hydration and dehydration within the Arctic polar vortex. The mean volume mixing ratio of equivalent water, H2Oeq = H2O + 2∗CH4, was found to be 7.38 ± 0.11 ppmv in the vortex and 7.35 ± 0.10 ppmv in the extravortex and vortex edge regions, implying insignificant net loss of H2O from the 50-90 hPa layer of the Arctic stratosphere. However, isolated occurrences of hydration and dehydration were observed on several flights. In particular, an average dehydration of 0.31 ppmv was encountered for 440 km along the NASA ER-2 aircraft flight path on 27 January 2000 (0.63 ppmv maximum dehydration). Diabatic back-trajectory calculations indicate that this dehydrated air parcel may have encountered temperatures below the ice frost point two weeks earlier. In addition to these isolated events, measurements of equivalent water indicated a decrease with altitude throughout the lower stratospheric vortex and vortex edge. Potential causes of this altitude dependence are quantified.
KW - Arctic
KW - dehydration
KW - hydration
KW - SOLVE
KW - stratosphere
KW - water
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84957870227&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84957870227&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1029/2001JD001257
DO - 10.1029/2001JD001257
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84957870227
VL - 107
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
SN - 2169-9275
IS - D5
M1 - 8320
ER -