Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere

R. L. Herman, K. Drdla, J. R. Spackman, D. F. Hurst, P. J. Popp, C. R. Webster, P. A. Romashkin, J. W. Elkins, E. M. Weinstock, B. W. Gandrud, G. C. Toon, M. R. Schoeberl, H. Jost, Elliot L Atlas, T. P. Bui

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

19 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Stratospheric H2O, CH4, and H2 measured during the 1999/2000 Arctic winter are used to examine the total hydrogen budget and to quantify hydration and dehydration within the Arctic polar vortex. The mean volume mixing ratio of equivalent water, H2Oeq = H2O + 2∗CH4, was found to be 7.38 ± 0.11 ppmv in the vortex and 7.35 ± 0.10 ppmv in the extravortex and vortex edge regions, implying insignificant net loss of H2O from the 50-90 hPa layer of the Arctic stratosphere. However, isolated occurrences of hydration and dehydration were observed on several flights. In particular, an average dehydration of 0.31 ppmv was encountered for 440 km along the NASA ER-2 aircraft flight path on 27 January 2000 (0.63 ppmv maximum dehydration). Diabatic back-trajectory calculations indicate that this dehydrated air parcel may have encountered temperatures below the ice frost point two weeks earlier. In addition to these isolated events, measurements of equivalent water indicated a decrease with altitude throughout the lower stratospheric vortex and vortex edge. Potential causes of this altitude dependence are quantified.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number8320
JournalJournal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans
Volume107
Issue numberD5
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 16 2002
Externally publishedYes

Fingerprint

Upper atmosphere
stratosphere
Dehydration
hydration
dehydration
Hydration
budgets
winter
vortex
Hydrogen
Vortex flow
hydrogen
vortices
flight
U-2 aircraft
polar vortex
flight paths
frost
Flight paths
mixing ratio

Keywords

  • Arctic
  • dehydration
  • hydration
  • SOLVE
  • stratosphere
  • water

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Atmospheric Science
  • Geophysics
  • Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
  • Space and Planetary Science

Cite this

Herman, R. L., Drdla, K., Spackman, J. R., Hurst, D. F., Popp, P. J., Webster, C. R., ... Bui, T. P. (2002). Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, 107(D5), [8320]. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001257

Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere. / Herman, R. L.; Drdla, K.; Spackman, J. R.; Hurst, D. F.; Popp, P. J.; Webster, C. R.; Romashkin, P. A.; Elkins, J. W.; Weinstock, E. M.; Gandrud, B. W.; Toon, G. C.; Schoeberl, M. R.; Jost, H.; Atlas, Elliot L; Bui, T. P.

In: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, Vol. 107, No. D5, 8320, 16.03.2002.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

Herman, RL, Drdla, K, Spackman, JR, Hurst, DF, Popp, PJ, Webster, CR, Romashkin, PA, Elkins, JW, Weinstock, EM, Gandrud, BW, Toon, GC, Schoeberl, MR, Jost, H, Atlas, EL & Bui, TP 2002, 'Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere', Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, vol. 107, no. D5, 8320. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001257
Herman RL, Drdla K, Spackman JR, Hurst DF, Popp PJ, Webster CR et al. Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans. 2002 Mar 16;107(D5). 8320. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001257
Herman, R. L. ; Drdla, K. ; Spackman, J. R. ; Hurst, D. F. ; Popp, P. J. ; Webster, C. R. ; Romashkin, P. A. ; Elkins, J. W. ; Weinstock, E. M. ; Gandrud, B. W. ; Toon, G. C. ; Schoeberl, M. R. ; Jost, H. ; Atlas, Elliot L ; Bui, T. P. / Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere. In: Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans. 2002 ; Vol. 107, No. D5.
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abstract = "Stratospheric H2O, CH4, and H2 measured during the 1999/2000 Arctic winter are used to examine the total hydrogen budget and to quantify hydration and dehydration within the Arctic polar vortex. The mean volume mixing ratio of equivalent water, H2Oeq = H2O + 2∗CH4, was found to be 7.38 ± 0.11 ppmv in the vortex and 7.35 ± 0.10 ppmv in the extravortex and vortex edge regions, implying insignificant net loss of H2O from the 50-90 hPa layer of the Arctic stratosphere. However, isolated occurrences of hydration and dehydration were observed on several flights. In particular, an average dehydration of 0.31 ppmv was encountered for 440 km along the NASA ER-2 aircraft flight path on 27 January 2000 (0.63 ppmv maximum dehydration). Diabatic back-trajectory calculations indicate that this dehydrated air parcel may have encountered temperatures below the ice frost point two weeks earlier. In addition to these isolated events, measurements of equivalent water indicated a decrease with altitude throughout the lower stratospheric vortex and vortex edge. Potential causes of this altitude dependence are quantified.",
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