Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere

R. L. Herman; K. Drdla; J. R. Spackman; D. F. Hurst; P. J. Popp; C. R. Webster; P. A. Romashkin; J. W. Elkins; E. M. Weinstock; B. W. Gandrud; G. C. Toon; M. R. Schoeberl; H. Jost; E. L. Atlas; T. P. Bui

doi:10.1029/2001JD001257

Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere

R. L. Herman, K. Drdla, J. R. Spackman, D. F. Hurst, P. J. Popp, C. R. Webster, P. A. Romashkin, J. W. Elkins, E. M. Weinstock, B. W. Gandrud, G. C. Toon, M. R. Schoeberl, H. Jost, E. L. Atlas, T. P. Bui

Atmospheric Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

20 Scopus citations

Abstract

Stratospheric H₂O, CH₄, and H₂ measured during the 1999/2000 Arctic winter are used to examine the total hydrogen budget and to quantify hydration and dehydration within the Arctic polar vortex. The mean volume mixing ratio of equivalent water, H₂O_eq = H₂O + 2∗CH₄, was found to be 7.38 ± 0.11 ppmv in the vortex and 7.35 ± 0.10 ppmv in the extravortex and vortex edge regions, implying insignificant net loss of H₂O from the 50-90 hPa layer of the Arctic stratosphere. However, isolated occurrences of hydration and dehydration were observed on several flights. In particular, an average dehydration of 0.31 ppmv was encountered for 440 km along the NASA ER-2 aircraft flight path on 27 January 2000 (0.63 ppmv maximum dehydration). Diabatic back-trajectory calculations indicate that this dehydrated air parcel may have encountered temperatures below the ice frost point two weeks earlier. In addition to these isolated events, measurements of equivalent water indicated a decrease with altitude throughout the lower stratospheric vortex and vortex edge. Potential causes of this altitude dependence are quantified.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	8320
Journal	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Volume	107
Issue number	D5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001257
State	Published - Mar 16 2002

Keywords

Arctic
SOLVE
dehydration
hydration
stratosphere
water

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Geophysics
Forestry
Oceanography
Aquatic Science
Ecology
Water Science and Technology
Soil Science
Geochemistry and Petrology
Earth-Surface Processes
Atmospheric Science
Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Space and Planetary Science
Palaeontology

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Herman, R. L., Drdla, K., Spackman, J. R., Hurst, D. F., Popp, P. J., Webster, C. R., Romashkin, P. A., Elkins, J. W., Weinstock, E. M., Gandrud, B. W., Toon, G. C., Schoeberl, M. R., Jost, H., Atlas, E. L., & Bui, T. P. (2002). Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 107(D5), [8320]. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001257

Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere. / Herman, R. L.; Drdla, K.; Spackman, J. R.; Hurst, D. F.; Popp, P. J.; Webster, C. R.; Romashkin, P. A.; Elkins, J. W.; Weinstock, E. M.; Gandrud, B. W.; Toon, G. C.; Schoeberl, M. R.; Jost, H.; Atlas, E. L.; Bui, T. P.

In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 107, No. D5, 8320, 16.03.2002.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Herman, RL, Drdla, K, Spackman, JR, Hurst, DF, Popp, PJ, Webster, CR, Romashkin, PA, Elkins, JW, Weinstock, EM, Gandrud, BW, Toon, GC, Schoeberl, MR, Jost, H, Atlas, EL & Bui, TP 2002, 'Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere', Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 107, no. D5, 8320. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001257

Herman, R. L. ; Drdla, K. ; Spackman, J. R. ; Hurst, D. F. ; Popp, P. J. ; Webster, C. R. ; Romashkin, P. A. ; Elkins, J. W. ; Weinstock, E. M. ; Gandrud, B. W. ; Toon, G. C. ; Schoeberl, M. R. ; Jost, H. ; Atlas, E. L. ; Bui, T. P. / Hydration, dehydration, and the total hydrogen budget of the 1999/2000 winter Arctic stratosphere. In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2002 ; Vol. 107, No. D5.

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abstract = "Stratospheric H2O, CH4, and H2 measured during the 1999/2000 Arctic winter are used to examine the total hydrogen budget and to quantify hydration and dehydration within the Arctic polar vortex. The mean volume mixing ratio of equivalent water, H2Oeq = H2O + 2∗CH4, was found to be 7.38 ± 0.11 ppmv in the vortex and 7.35 ± 0.10 ppmv in the extravortex and vortex edge regions, implying insignificant net loss of H2O from the 50-90 hPa layer of the Arctic stratosphere. However, isolated occurrences of hydration and dehydration were observed on several flights. In particular, an average dehydration of 0.31 ppmv was encountered for 440 km along the NASA ER-2 aircraft flight path on 27 January 2000 (0.63 ppmv maximum dehydration). Diabatic back-trajectory calculations indicate that this dehydrated air parcel may have encountered temperatures below the ice frost point two weeks earlier. In addition to these isolated events, measurements of equivalent water indicated a decrease with altitude throughout the lower stratospheric vortex and vortex edge. Potential causes of this altitude dependence are quantified.",

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AU - Weinstock, E. M.

AU - Gandrud, B. W.

AU - Toon, G. C.

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AB - Stratospheric H2O, CH4, and H2 measured during the 1999/2000 Arctic winter are used to examine the total hydrogen budget and to quantify hydration and dehydration within the Arctic polar vortex. The mean volume mixing ratio of equivalent water, H2Oeq = H2O + 2∗CH4, was found to be 7.38 ± 0.11 ppmv in the vortex and 7.35 ± 0.10 ppmv in the extravortex and vortex edge regions, implying insignificant net loss of H2O from the 50-90 hPa layer of the Arctic stratosphere. However, isolated occurrences of hydration and dehydration were observed on several flights. In particular, an average dehydration of 0.31 ppmv was encountered for 440 km along the NASA ER-2 aircraft flight path on 27 January 2000 (0.63 ppmv maximum dehydration). Diabatic back-trajectory calculations indicate that this dehydrated air parcel may have encountered temperatures below the ice frost point two weeks earlier. In addition to these isolated events, measurements of equivalent water indicated a decrease with altitude throughout the lower stratospheric vortex and vortex edge. Potential causes of this altitude dependence are quantified.

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