Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a serious neurological problem and one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The histopathological consequences of stroke are complex and may result in a variety of deficits including severe motor and cognitive disturbances. The histopathological consequences of severe focal ischemia are well described with characteristic structural changes occurring in both gray and white brain regions depending on the severity, location, and duration of the ischemic insult. Following focal ischemic injury, neuronal, astrocytic, vascular endothelial, and inflammatory cell changes occur. In white mater tracts, axonal injury with oligodendrocyte damage and subsequent demyelination are also commonly observed. In contrast, less severe or more transient ischemic insults can lead to patterns of selective neuronal injury whereby vulnerable neuronal populations are destroyed without damage to neighboring cells or robust inflammatory responses are induced. The appreciation of these diverse histopathological characteristics associated with periods of cerebral ischemia emphasize the complexity of the pathogenesis of ischemic damage and serve as a basis for drug discovery to identify effective treatments for stroke prevention and treatment.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases |
| Subtitle of host publication | Second Edition |
| Publisher | Elsevier Inc. |
| Pages | 113-116 |
| Number of pages | 4 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9780128030585 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 7 2017 |
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Keywords
- Astrocytes
- Blood vessels
- Inflammation
- Ischemic stroke
- Microglia
- Neurons
- Oligodendrocytes
- Penumbra
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Neuroscience(all)
Cite this
Histopathology of Cerebral Ischemia and Stroke. / Dalton Dietrich, W.
Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases: Second Edition. Elsevier Inc., 2017. p. 113-116.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - Histopathology of Cerebral Ischemia and Stroke
AU - Dalton Dietrich, W.
PY - 2017/3/7
Y1 - 2017/3/7
N2 - Ischemic stroke is a serious neurological problem and one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The histopathological consequences of stroke are complex and may result in a variety of deficits including severe motor and cognitive disturbances. The histopathological consequences of severe focal ischemia are well described with characteristic structural changes occurring in both gray and white brain regions depending on the severity, location, and duration of the ischemic insult. Following focal ischemic injury, neuronal, astrocytic, vascular endothelial, and inflammatory cell changes occur. In white mater tracts, axonal injury with oligodendrocyte damage and subsequent demyelination are also commonly observed. In contrast, less severe or more transient ischemic insults can lead to patterns of selective neuronal injury whereby vulnerable neuronal populations are destroyed without damage to neighboring cells or robust inflammatory responses are induced. The appreciation of these diverse histopathological characteristics associated with periods of cerebral ischemia emphasize the complexity of the pathogenesis of ischemic damage and serve as a basis for drug discovery to identify effective treatments for stroke prevention and treatment.
AB - Ischemic stroke is a serious neurological problem and one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The histopathological consequences of stroke are complex and may result in a variety of deficits including severe motor and cognitive disturbances. The histopathological consequences of severe focal ischemia are well described with characteristic structural changes occurring in both gray and white brain regions depending on the severity, location, and duration of the ischemic insult. Following focal ischemic injury, neuronal, astrocytic, vascular endothelial, and inflammatory cell changes occur. In white mater tracts, axonal injury with oligodendrocyte damage and subsequent demyelination are also commonly observed. In contrast, less severe or more transient ischemic insults can lead to patterns of selective neuronal injury whereby vulnerable neuronal populations are destroyed without damage to neighboring cells or robust inflammatory responses are induced. The appreciation of these diverse histopathological characteristics associated with periods of cerebral ischemia emphasize the complexity of the pathogenesis of ischemic damage and serve as a basis for drug discovery to identify effective treatments for stroke prevention and treatment.
KW - Astrocytes
KW - Blood vessels
KW - Inflammation
KW - Ischemic stroke
KW - Microglia
KW - Neurons
KW - Oligodendrocytes
KW - Penumbra
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85028293458&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85028293458&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-803058-5.00022-9
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-803058-5.00022-9
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85028293458
SN - 9780128030585
SP - 113
EP - 116
BT - Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases
PB - Elsevier Inc.
ER -