TY - JOUR
T1 - Higher and Higher? Drug and Alcohol Use and Misuse among HIV-Vulnerable Men, Trans Men, and Trans Women Who Have Sex with Men in the United States
AU - Westmoreland, Drew A.
AU - Carrico, Adam W.
AU - Goodwin, Renee D.
AU - Pantalone, David W.
AU - Nash, Denis
AU - Grov, Christian
N1 - Funding Information:
Special thanks to additional members of the T5K study team: Sarit A. Golub, Viraj V. Patel, Gregorio Millett, Don Hoover, Sarah Kulkarni, Matthew Stief, Caitlin MacCrate, Chloe Mirzayi, Alexa D’Angelo, Corey Morrison, Javier Lopez-Rios, & Pedro B. Carneiro. Thank you to the program staff at NIH: Gerald Sharp, Sonia Lee, and Michael Stirratt. And thank you to the members of our Scientific Advisory Board: Michael Camacho, Demetre Daskalakis, Sabina Hirshfield, Jeremiah Johnson, Claude Mellins, and Milo Santos. Finally, a very special thanks to Meredith Ray for her coding and programming expertise. While the NIH financially supported this research, the content is the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect official views of the NIH. Parts of this paper were presented at the 2019 National LGBTQ Health Conference May 31–June 1 in Atlanta, GA.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [UG3 AI 133675 - PI Grov]. Other forms of support include the CUNY Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health, the Einstein, Rockefeller, CUNY Center for AIDS Research10.13039/100006462 (ERC CFAR, P30 AI 124414). Special thanks to additional members of the T5K study team: Sarit A. Golub, Viraj V. Patel, Gregorio Millett, Don Hoover, Sarah Kulkarni, Matthew Stief, Caitlin MacCrate, Chloe Mirzayi, Alexa D?Angelo, Corey Morrison, Javier Lopez-Rios, & Pedro B. Carneiro. Thank you to the program staff at NIH: Gerald Sharp, Sonia Lee, and Michael Stirratt. And thank you to the members of our Scientific Advisory Board: Michael Camacho, Demetre Daskalakis, Sabina Hirshfield, Jeremiah Johnson, Claude Mellins, and Milo Santos. Finally, a very special thanks to Meredith Ray for her coding and programming expertise. While the NIH financially supported this research, the content is the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect official views of the NIH. Parts of this paper were presented at the 2019 National LGBTQ Health Conference May 31?June 1 in Atlanta, GA.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Background: Substance use (SU) and misuse are disproportionately more common among sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals compared to their heterosexual peers. Yet, little is known about regional and demographic differences in use and misuse among SGM. In this study, we investigated regional and demographic differences in SU and misuse in a U.S. national, internet-based cohort (n = 6,280) of men and trans persons who have sex with men. Methods: Data collected included the WHO ASSIST (substance) and AUDIT (alcohol) SU scales to estimate recent (≤ 3 months) non-problematic use (≤ 3 ASSIST, ≤ 10 AUDIT) and misuse (≥4 ASSIST, ≥11 AUDIT). We used bivariate and multivariable logistic models to examine demographic and regional factors associated with SU and misuse. Results: Participants reported using alcohol (85.6%), cannabis (53.9%), and inhalants (39.1%) in the past three months. More than one-third self-reported misuse of cannabis, Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB), inhalants, methamphetamines, and prescription sedatives. We observed regional differences in substance use for cannabis (Southeast aOR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63–0.93; West aOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02–1.59, ref. Northeast) and prescription Stimulants (Midwest aOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.00–1.93), as well as for cannabis misuse (Southeast aOR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69–0.99). We also observed significant associations between socioeconomic factors with use and misuse. Conclusions: Findings suggest geographic differences in misuse of certain substances among men and trans persons who have sex with men in the US, and that socio-economic factors, also play a key role in indicating risk.
AB - Background: Substance use (SU) and misuse are disproportionately more common among sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals compared to their heterosexual peers. Yet, little is known about regional and demographic differences in use and misuse among SGM. In this study, we investigated regional and demographic differences in SU and misuse in a U.S. national, internet-based cohort (n = 6,280) of men and trans persons who have sex with men. Methods: Data collected included the WHO ASSIST (substance) and AUDIT (alcohol) SU scales to estimate recent (≤ 3 months) non-problematic use (≤ 3 ASSIST, ≤ 10 AUDIT) and misuse (≥4 ASSIST, ≥11 AUDIT). We used bivariate and multivariable logistic models to examine demographic and regional factors associated with SU and misuse. Results: Participants reported using alcohol (85.6%), cannabis (53.9%), and inhalants (39.1%) in the past three months. More than one-third self-reported misuse of cannabis, Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB), inhalants, methamphetamines, and prescription sedatives. We observed regional differences in substance use for cannabis (Southeast aOR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63–0.93; West aOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02–1.59, ref. Northeast) and prescription Stimulants (Midwest aOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.00–1.93), as well as for cannabis misuse (Southeast aOR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69–0.99). We also observed significant associations between socioeconomic factors with use and misuse. Conclusions: Findings suggest geographic differences in misuse of certain substances among men and trans persons who have sex with men in the US, and that socio-economic factors, also play a key role in indicating risk.
KW - ASSIST
KW - AUDIT
KW - MSM
KW - Substance use
KW - geographic contexts
KW - substance misuse
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85095758852&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85095758852&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/10826084.2020.1843057
DO - 10.1080/10826084.2020.1843057
M3 - Article
C2 - 33153358
AN - SCOPUS:85095758852
VL - 56
SP - 111
EP - 122
JO - Substance Use and Misuse
JF - Substance Use and Misuse
SN - 1082-6084
IS - 1
ER -