High prevalence of drug resistance amongst HIV-exposed and -infected children in a tuberculosis prevention trial

Anneke C. Hesseling; S. Kim; S. Madhi; S. Nachman; H. S. Schaaf; A. Violari; T. C. Victor; G. McSherry; C. Mitchell; M. F. Cotton

doi:10.5588/ijtld.10.0795

High prevalence of drug resistance amongst HIV-exposed and -infected children in a tuberculosis prevention trial

Anneke C. Hesseling, S. Kim, S. Madhi, S. Nachman, H. S. Schaaf, A. Violari, T. C. Victor, G. McSherry, C. Mitchell, M. F. Cotton

Pediatrics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

An emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in settings affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) has been observed. We investigated the prevalence of DR-TB in P1041, a multicentred, randomised, double-blind trial which compared the administration of isoniazid (INH) to placebo, in HIV-exposed, non-infected and -infected African infants in the absence of any documented TB exposure. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was 22.2% (95%CI 8.5-45.8) and INH monoresistance 5.6% (95%CI 0.1-27.6) among culture-confirmed cases, with all MDR-TB occurring in a single site. There was no association between INH treatment or placebo group, or between HIV infection status, and DR-TB prevalence. There was a high prevalence of DR-TB among HIV-exposed and -infected children. Surveillance of DR-TB among children in high-burden TB-HIV settings should be routine.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	192-195
Number of pages	4
Journal	International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Volume	16
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.10.0795
State	Published - Feb 1 2012

Keywords

Children
HIV
Isoniazid prevention
Resistance
Tuberculosis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Infectious Diseases

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High prevalence of drug resistance amongst HIV-exposed and -infected children in a tuberculosis prevention trial. / Hesseling, Anneke C.; Kim, S.; Madhi, S.; Nachman, S.; Schaaf, H. S.; Violari, A.; Victor, T. C.; McSherry, G.; Mitchell, C.; Cotton, M. F.

In: International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Vol. 16, No. 2, 01.02.2012, p. 192-195.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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