High prevalence of drug resistance amongst HIV-exposed and -infected children in a tuberculosis prevention trial

Anneke C. Hesseling; S. Kim; S. Madhi; S. Nachman; H. S. Schaaf; A. Violari; T. C. Victor; G. McSherry; C. Mitchell; M. F. Cotton

doi:10.5588/ijtld.10.0795

High prevalence of drug resistance amongst HIV-exposed and -infected children in a tuberculosis prevention trial

Anneke C. Hesseling, S. Kim, S. Madhi, S. Nachman, H. S. Schaaf, A. Violari, T. C. Victor, G. McSherry, C. Mitchell, M. F. Cotton

Pediatrics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

An emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in settings affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) has been observed. We investigated the prevalence of DR-TB in P1041, a multicentred, randomised, double-blind trial which compared the administration of isoniazid (INH) to placebo, in HIV-exposed, non-infected and -infected African infants in the absence of any documented TB exposure. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was 22.2% (95%CI 8.5-45.8) and INH monoresistance 5.6% (95%CI 0.1-27.6) among culture-confirmed cases, with all MDR-TB occurring in a single site. There was no association between INH treatment or placebo group, or between HIV infection status, and DR-TB prevalence. There was a high prevalence of DR-TB among HIV-exposed and -infected children. Surveillance of DR-TB among children in high-burden TB-HIV settings should be routine.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	192-195
Number of pages	4
Journal	International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Volume	16
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.10.0795
State	Published - Feb 1 2012

Keywords

Children
HIV
Isoniazid prevention
Resistance
Tuberculosis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Infectious Diseases

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.5588/ijtld.10.0795

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High prevalence of drug resistance amongst HIV-exposed and -infected children in a tuberculosis prevention trial. / Hesseling, Anneke C.; Kim, S.; Madhi, S.; Nachman, S.; Schaaf, H. S.; Violari, A.; Victor, T. C.; McSherry, G.; Mitchell, C.; Cotton, M. F.

In: International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Vol. 16, No. 2, 01.02.2012, p. 192-195.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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High prevalence of drug resistance amongst HIV-exposed and -infected children in a tuberculosis prevention trial

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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