Function of the female genitalia including orgasmic response

Two primary functions of the female genitalia, aside from micturition, include the sexual response, primarily provided by the external genitalia, and reproduction, largely a function of the internal genitalia. The external genitalia, otherwise known as the vulva, is capable of engorgement in response to sexual arousal and also allows for orgasm. Vaginal intercourse can also result in orgasm, and although the Grafenburg spot theory holds that an erogenous zone on the anterior vaginal wall is primarily responsible for this, the vaginal orgasm is most likely due to stimulation of the external genital tissues in close proximity to the vaginal vestibule. The internal genitalia, beginning with the ovaries and culminating with the uterine cervix, facilitate ovulation, oocyte transport, fertilization, embryo transport, and implantation. In addition to these processes, the internal genitalia create barriers at the cervix and the uterotubal junction to prevent the entrance of extrinsic microorganisms. These barriers also prevent sperm from ascending through the internal genitalia when the woman is not ovulating.