Abstract
Objective. We examined the risk for depressive symptoms associated with age, education, ethnicity, gender, marital status, apolipoprotein E genotype (APOE) and memory complaints among non-demented elderly (≥ 60 years). Design. Cross-sectional study of geriatric patients recruited from a free memory screening offered to the community. Sample. This investigation included 506 community-residing elderly subjects who were screened for cognitive impairment and classified as non-demented based on age and education adjusted Folstein Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSAdj) scores of 24 or greater. Results. The prevalence of significant depressive symptoms (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ≥ 12) was 12.1% (N = 61). Increased risk for depression was associated with female gender (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.1-4.8; p < 0.05), Cuban American ethnicity (OR = 4.9; 95% CI = 2.3-10.4; p < 0.0001) and memory complaints (OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.2-1.4; p < 0.0001). The APOE allele frequencies in the current sample were 0.07, 0.80 and 0.13 for the ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles, respectively. Conclusions. The results suggest that signs and symptoms of depression are common among non-demented elderly subjects in the community. In this study, mood disturbances were associated with Cuban American ethnicity, female gender and more memory complaints. Factors that were not confirmed by this study include age, education, marital status and APOE genotype. The observed APOE ε4 allele frequency of 0.13 supports the normal cognitive classification of the sample.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 331-337 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue number | 5 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - May 1 1999 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Depression
- Elderly
- Non-demented
- Risk factors
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Geriatrics and Gerontology
- Psychiatry and Mental health
Cite this
Factors associated with depressive symptoms in non-demented community-dwelling elderly. / Harwood, Dylan G.; Barker, Warren W.; Ownby, Raymond L.; Mullan, Michael; Duara, Ranjan.
In: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Vol. 14, No. 5, 01.05.1999, p. 331-337.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Factors associated with depressive symptoms in non-demented community-dwelling elderly
AU - Harwood, Dylan G.
AU - Barker, Warren W.
AU - Ownby, Raymond L.
AU - Mullan, Michael
AU - Duara, Ranjan
PY - 1999/5/1
Y1 - 1999/5/1
N2 - Objective. We examined the risk for depressive symptoms associated with age, education, ethnicity, gender, marital status, apolipoprotein E genotype (APOE) and memory complaints among non-demented elderly (≥ 60 years). Design. Cross-sectional study of geriatric patients recruited from a free memory screening offered to the community. Sample. This investigation included 506 community-residing elderly subjects who were screened for cognitive impairment and classified as non-demented based on age and education adjusted Folstein Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSAdj) scores of 24 or greater. Results. The prevalence of significant depressive symptoms (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ≥ 12) was 12.1% (N = 61). Increased risk for depression was associated with female gender (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.1-4.8; p < 0.05), Cuban American ethnicity (OR = 4.9; 95% CI = 2.3-10.4; p < 0.0001) and memory complaints (OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.2-1.4; p < 0.0001). The APOE allele frequencies in the current sample were 0.07, 0.80 and 0.13 for the ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles, respectively. Conclusions. The results suggest that signs and symptoms of depression are common among non-demented elderly subjects in the community. In this study, mood disturbances were associated with Cuban American ethnicity, female gender and more memory complaints. Factors that were not confirmed by this study include age, education, marital status and APOE genotype. The observed APOE ε4 allele frequency of 0.13 supports the normal cognitive classification of the sample.
AB - Objective. We examined the risk for depressive symptoms associated with age, education, ethnicity, gender, marital status, apolipoprotein E genotype (APOE) and memory complaints among non-demented elderly (≥ 60 years). Design. Cross-sectional study of geriatric patients recruited from a free memory screening offered to the community. Sample. This investigation included 506 community-residing elderly subjects who were screened for cognitive impairment and classified as non-demented based on age and education adjusted Folstein Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSAdj) scores of 24 or greater. Results. The prevalence of significant depressive symptoms (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ≥ 12) was 12.1% (N = 61). Increased risk for depression was associated with female gender (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.1-4.8; p < 0.05), Cuban American ethnicity (OR = 4.9; 95% CI = 2.3-10.4; p < 0.0001) and memory complaints (OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.2-1.4; p < 0.0001). The APOE allele frequencies in the current sample were 0.07, 0.80 and 0.13 for the ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles, respectively. Conclusions. The results suggest that signs and symptoms of depression are common among non-demented elderly subjects in the community. In this study, mood disturbances were associated with Cuban American ethnicity, female gender and more memory complaints. Factors that were not confirmed by this study include age, education, marital status and APOE genotype. The observed APOE ε4 allele frequency of 0.13 supports the normal cognitive classification of the sample.
KW - Depression
KW - Elderly
KW - Non-demented
KW - Risk factors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032972458&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0032972458&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199905)14:5<331::AID-GPS911>3.0.CO;2-8
DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199905)14:5<331::AID-GPS911>3.0.CO;2-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 10389035
AN - SCOPUS:0032972458
VL - 14
SP - 331
EP - 337
JO - International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
JF - International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
SN - 0885-6230
IS - 5
ER -