@article{8a6347a918924fb990bede8323bd7b09,
title = "Experimental colitis in SIV-uninfected rhesus macaques recapitulates important features of pathogenic SIV infection",
abstract = "Mucosal damage to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with resulting microbial translocation is hypothesized to significantly contribute to the heightened and persistent chronic inflammation and immune activation characteristic to HIV infection. Here we employ a non-human primate model of chemically induced colitis in SIV-uninfected rhesus macaques that we developed using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), to directly test this hypothesis. DSS treatment results in GI barrier damage with associated microbial translocation, inflammation and immune activation. The progression and severity of colitis are longitudinally monitored by a magnetic resonance imaging approach. DSS treatment of SIV-infected African green monkeys, a natural host species for SIV that does not manifest GI tract damage or chronic immune activation during infection, results in colitis with elevated levels of plasma SIV RNA, sCD14, LPS, CRP and mucosal CD4+ T-cell loss. Together these results support the hypothesis that GI tract damage leading to local and systemic microbial translocation, and associated immune activation, are important determinants of AIDS pathogenesis.",
author = "Hao, {Xing Pei} and Lucero, {Carissa M.} and Baris Turkbey and Bernardo, {Marcelino L.} and Morcock, {David R.} and Claire Deleage and Trubey, {Charles M.} and Jeremy Smedley and Klatt, {Nichole R.} and Giavedoni, {Luis D.} and Jan Kristoff and Amy Xu and {Del Prete}, {Gregory Q.} and Keele, {Brandon F.} and Rao, {Srinivas S.} and Alvord, {W. Gregory} and Choyke, {Peter L.} and Lifson, {Jeffrey D.} and Brenchley, {Jason M.} and Cristian Apetrei and Ivona Pandrea and Estes, {Jacob D.}",
note = "Funding Information: We gratefully acknowledge the expert support of the Pathology and Histotechnology Laboratory (PHL), ACVP Specimen Support Core, and animal care by the Laboratory Animal Science Program staff at the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick MD. This project has been funded with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E and in part by the Division of Intramural Research/NIAID/NIH (J.M.B.), and 9R01HL117715-08 (I.P.). J.K. was supported by a PART grant No: 5T32AI065380-10. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited.",
year = "2015",
month = aug,
day = "18",
doi = "10.1038/ncomms9020",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "6",
journal = "Nature Communications",
issn = "2041-1723",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
}