Abstract
BACKGROUND: Endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or resistance is an important clinical issue worldwide.
PURPOSE: To review the published literature on endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance.
METHODS: The data were analysed from a PubMed search of endophthalmitis cases caused by Gram-positive organisms with reported reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance from 1990 to 2015.
RESULTS: From 18 publications identified, a total of 27 endophthalmitis cases caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance were identified. The aetiologies of endophthalmitis were exogenous in 19/27 cases (11 post-cataract surgery, 2 post-penetrating keratoplasty, 1 post-glaucoma surgery, 4 post-open globe injury, 1 post-intravitreal injection of ranibizumab), and endogenous in 4/24 cases; no details were available about the four remaining patients. The causative organisms included Enterococcus species (7/27), coagulase-negative staphylococci (4/27), Staphylococcus aureus (4/27), Bacillus species (4/27), Streptococcus species (3/27), Leuconostoc species (3/27), Staphylococcus hominis (1/27), and unidentified Gram-positive cocci (1/27). Visual acuity of 20/400 or better at the final follow-up was recorded in 10/26 patients (38.5%; data were not available for one patient). Treatment options include fluoroquinolones, penicillin, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, and oxazolidinones.
CONCLUSIONS: In the current study, visual acuity outcomes were generally poor. Enterococcus and Staphylococcus species were the most common organisms reported and postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was the most common clinical setting.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 446-452 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | The British journal of ophthalmology |
| Volume | 100 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Apr 1 2016 |
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Keywords
- Eye (Globe)
- Infection
- Microbiology
- Retina
- Vitreous
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)
- Ophthalmology
- Sensory Systems
- Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Cite this
Endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility : literature review and options for treatment. / Relhan, Nidhi; Albini, Thomas A; Pathengay, Avinash; Kuriyan, Ajay; Miller, Darlene; Flynn, Harry W.
In: The British journal of ophthalmology, Vol. 100, No. 4, 01.04.2016, p. 446-452.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility
T2 - literature review and options for treatment
AU - Relhan, Nidhi
AU - Albini, Thomas A
AU - Pathengay, Avinash
AU - Kuriyan, Ajay
AU - Miller, Darlene
AU - Flynn, Harry W
PY - 2016/4/1
Y1 - 2016/4/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: Endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or resistance is an important clinical issue worldwide.PURPOSE: To review the published literature on endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance.METHODS: The data were analysed from a PubMed search of endophthalmitis cases caused by Gram-positive organisms with reported reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance from 1990 to 2015.RESULTS: From 18 publications identified, a total of 27 endophthalmitis cases caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance were identified. The aetiologies of endophthalmitis were exogenous in 19/27 cases (11 post-cataract surgery, 2 post-penetrating keratoplasty, 1 post-glaucoma surgery, 4 post-open globe injury, 1 post-intravitreal injection of ranibizumab), and endogenous in 4/24 cases; no details were available about the four remaining patients. The causative organisms included Enterococcus species (7/27), coagulase-negative staphylococci (4/27), Staphylococcus aureus (4/27), Bacillus species (4/27), Streptococcus species (3/27), Leuconostoc species (3/27), Staphylococcus hominis (1/27), and unidentified Gram-positive cocci (1/27). Visual acuity of 20/400 or better at the final follow-up was recorded in 10/26 patients (38.5%; data were not available for one patient). Treatment options include fluoroquinolones, penicillin, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, and oxazolidinones.CONCLUSIONS: In the current study, visual acuity outcomes were generally poor. Enterococcus and Staphylococcus species were the most common organisms reported and postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was the most common clinical setting.
AB - BACKGROUND: Endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or resistance is an important clinical issue worldwide.PURPOSE: To review the published literature on endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance.METHODS: The data were analysed from a PubMed search of endophthalmitis cases caused by Gram-positive organisms with reported reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance from 1990 to 2015.RESULTS: From 18 publications identified, a total of 27 endophthalmitis cases caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance were identified. The aetiologies of endophthalmitis were exogenous in 19/27 cases (11 post-cataract surgery, 2 post-penetrating keratoplasty, 1 post-glaucoma surgery, 4 post-open globe injury, 1 post-intravitreal injection of ranibizumab), and endogenous in 4/24 cases; no details were available about the four remaining patients. The causative organisms included Enterococcus species (7/27), coagulase-negative staphylococci (4/27), Staphylococcus aureus (4/27), Bacillus species (4/27), Streptococcus species (3/27), Leuconostoc species (3/27), Staphylococcus hominis (1/27), and unidentified Gram-positive cocci (1/27). Visual acuity of 20/400 or better at the final follow-up was recorded in 10/26 patients (38.5%; data were not available for one patient). Treatment options include fluoroquinolones, penicillin, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, and oxazolidinones.CONCLUSIONS: In the current study, visual acuity outcomes were generally poor. Enterococcus and Staphylococcus species were the most common organisms reported and postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was the most common clinical setting.
KW - Eye (Globe)
KW - Infection
KW - Microbiology
KW - Retina
KW - Vitreous
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84982811764&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84982811764&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307722
DO - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307722
M3 - Review article
C2 - 26701686
AN - SCOPUS:84982811764
VL - 100
SP - 446
EP - 452
JO - British Journal of Ophthalmology
JF - British Journal of Ophthalmology
SN - 0007-1161
IS - 4
ER -