Abstract
Objectives: To determine the effect of retrovirus infection and co-infection, and intravenous substance use, on immune function in African-Americans. Design: A cohort of South Florida street-recruited African-American intravenous drug users formed the study population. The cohort consisted of 90 HIV-negative & human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-negative, one HIV-negative & HTLV-I-positive, 11 HIV-negative & HTLV-II-positive, 79 HIV-positive & HTLV-negative, one HIV-positive & HTLV-I-positive and 21 HIV-positive & HTLV-II-positive individuals. The results reported are for the cross-sectional, baseline assessment of immune parameters. Methods: Lymphocyte phenotypic distributions and functional markers, including proliferative response to mitogens and natural killer cell cytotoxicity, were determined. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were determined as a measure of B-cell activity. Results: HTLV-II infection was associated with increases in CDS lymphocyte count and serum Ig, but with no other significant immunologic changes. The distribution of CD4 and CDS percentages, CD4: CD8 ratio, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) reactivity, IgA and IgC for the four retrovirus serostatus groups suggested the possibility of interactive effects in the co-infected group, as demonstrated by a trend toward lower medians for CD4 and for PHA and PWM response and higher medians for IgG, IgA and CD8. Retrovirus-seronegative intravenous drug users had significantly impaired immune status compared with non-drug-using control individuals. Conclusions: Immunologic dysfunction attributable to HTLV-II infection was minor compared with HIV infection in this population. Study subjects who were co-infected with HIV and HTLV demonstrated more impairment of immune function than individuals with single retrovirus infections.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 331-335 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | AIDS |
| Volume | 7 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| State | Published - Mar 1 1993 |
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Keywords
- Co-infection
- Human T-lymphotropic virus
- Immune function
- Intravenous substance abuse
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology
- Immunology and Allergy
Cite this
Effects of retroviral infections on immune function in African-American intravenous drug users. / Klimas, Nancy G.; Page, John; Patarca, Roberto; Chitwood, Dale; Morgan, Robert; Fletcher, Mary Ann.
In: AIDS, Vol. 7, No. 3, 01.03.1993, p. 331-335.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of retroviral infections on immune function in African-American intravenous drug users
AU - Klimas, Nancy G.
AU - Page, John
AU - Patarca, Roberto
AU - Chitwood, Dale
AU - Morgan, Robert
AU - Fletcher, Mary Ann
PY - 1993/3/1
Y1 - 1993/3/1
N2 - Objectives: To determine the effect of retrovirus infection and co-infection, and intravenous substance use, on immune function in African-Americans. Design: A cohort of South Florida street-recruited African-American intravenous drug users formed the study population. The cohort consisted of 90 HIV-negative & human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-negative, one HIV-negative & HTLV-I-positive, 11 HIV-negative & HTLV-II-positive, 79 HIV-positive & HTLV-negative, one HIV-positive & HTLV-I-positive and 21 HIV-positive & HTLV-II-positive individuals. The results reported are for the cross-sectional, baseline assessment of immune parameters. Methods: Lymphocyte phenotypic distributions and functional markers, including proliferative response to mitogens and natural killer cell cytotoxicity, were determined. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were determined as a measure of B-cell activity. Results: HTLV-II infection was associated with increases in CDS lymphocyte count and serum Ig, but with no other significant immunologic changes. The distribution of CD4 and CDS percentages, CD4: CD8 ratio, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) reactivity, IgA and IgC for the four retrovirus serostatus groups suggested the possibility of interactive effects in the co-infected group, as demonstrated by a trend toward lower medians for CD4 and for PHA and PWM response and higher medians for IgG, IgA and CD8. Retrovirus-seronegative intravenous drug users had significantly impaired immune status compared with non-drug-using control individuals. Conclusions: Immunologic dysfunction attributable to HTLV-II infection was minor compared with HIV infection in this population. Study subjects who were co-infected with HIV and HTLV demonstrated more impairment of immune function than individuals with single retrovirus infections.
AB - Objectives: To determine the effect of retrovirus infection and co-infection, and intravenous substance use, on immune function in African-Americans. Design: A cohort of South Florida street-recruited African-American intravenous drug users formed the study population. The cohort consisted of 90 HIV-negative & human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-negative, one HIV-negative & HTLV-I-positive, 11 HIV-negative & HTLV-II-positive, 79 HIV-positive & HTLV-negative, one HIV-positive & HTLV-I-positive and 21 HIV-positive & HTLV-II-positive individuals. The results reported are for the cross-sectional, baseline assessment of immune parameters. Methods: Lymphocyte phenotypic distributions and functional markers, including proliferative response to mitogens and natural killer cell cytotoxicity, were determined. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were determined as a measure of B-cell activity. Results: HTLV-II infection was associated with increases in CDS lymphocyte count and serum Ig, but with no other significant immunologic changes. The distribution of CD4 and CDS percentages, CD4: CD8 ratio, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) reactivity, IgA and IgC for the four retrovirus serostatus groups suggested the possibility of interactive effects in the co-infected group, as demonstrated by a trend toward lower medians for CD4 and for PHA and PWM response and higher medians for IgG, IgA and CD8. Retrovirus-seronegative intravenous drug users had significantly impaired immune status compared with non-drug-using control individuals. Conclusions: Immunologic dysfunction attributable to HTLV-II infection was minor compared with HIV infection in this population. Study subjects who were co-infected with HIV and HTLV demonstrated more impairment of immune function than individuals with single retrovirus infections.
KW - Co-infection
KW - Human T-lymphotropic virus
KW - Immune function
KW - Intravenous substance abuse
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0027476735&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0027476735&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 8471194
AN - SCOPUS:0027476735
VL - 7
SP - 331
EP - 335
JO - AIDS
JF - AIDS
SN - 0269-9370
IS - 3
ER -