TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of ischemia-like conditions on cultured neurons
T2 - Protection by low Na+, low Ca2+ solutions
AU - Goldberg, W. J.
AU - Kadingo, R. M.
AU - Barrett, J. N.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 1986
Y1 - 1986
N2 - An in vitro system was used to mimic several aspects of ischemia, including low oxygen pressure, low nutrient levels, and the accumulation of cellular products thought to contribute to damage during ischemia. We replaced normal culture medium from 3-week-old basal ganglia cultures with oxygen-depleted, nutrient-deficient medium. After incubation in an atmosphere of 94% N2, 6% CO2 for 5 hr at 37°C, the cultures were returned to normal medium. After a 24 hr recovery period, cell viability was assessed in terms of cell number, electrophysiological properties, and immunohistochemical markers. When the medium used during the ischemic period was a normal balanced salt solution, more than 70% of the cells were damaged by the low-oxygen, low-glucose stress. Loss of cell processes and cell swelling were the most evident signs of damage. The majority of the cells remaining viable were astrocytes. Neuronal damage was observed only when both glucose and oxygen were deficient. Some damage was evident even at oxygen tensions of 60 mm Hg when glucose was absent from the medium; much more extensive damage was observed at tensions below 1.0 mm Hg. Lowering both extracellular sodium and calcium resulted in more than a 2-fold increase in survival (70 vs 28%). These results indicate that damage to neurons during conditions of extreme energy deprivation such as ischemia may be mediated by the influx of calcium and/or sodium.
AB - An in vitro system was used to mimic several aspects of ischemia, including low oxygen pressure, low nutrient levels, and the accumulation of cellular products thought to contribute to damage during ischemia. We replaced normal culture medium from 3-week-old basal ganglia cultures with oxygen-depleted, nutrient-deficient medium. After incubation in an atmosphere of 94% N2, 6% CO2 for 5 hr at 37°C, the cultures were returned to normal medium. After a 24 hr recovery period, cell viability was assessed in terms of cell number, electrophysiological properties, and immunohistochemical markers. When the medium used during the ischemic period was a normal balanced salt solution, more than 70% of the cells were damaged by the low-oxygen, low-glucose stress. Loss of cell processes and cell swelling were the most evident signs of damage. The majority of the cells remaining viable were astrocytes. Neuronal damage was observed only when both glucose and oxygen were deficient. Some damage was evident even at oxygen tensions of 60 mm Hg when glucose was absent from the medium; much more extensive damage was observed at tensions below 1.0 mm Hg. Lowering both extracellular sodium and calcium resulted in more than a 2-fold increase in survival (70 vs 28%). These results indicate that damage to neurons during conditions of extreme energy deprivation such as ischemia may be mediated by the influx of calcium and/or sodium.
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U2 - 10.1523/jneurosci.06-11-03144.1986
DO - 10.1523/jneurosci.06-11-03144.1986
M3 - Article
C2 - 3772425
AN - SCOPUS:0022980566
VL - 6
SP - 3144
EP - 3151
JO - Journal of Neuroscience
JF - Journal of Neuroscience
SN - 0270-6474
IS - 11
ER -