TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of dietary calcium and cadmium on cadmium accumulation, calcium and cadmium uptake from the water, and their interactions in juvenile rainbow trout
AU - Baldisserotto, B.
AU - Chowdhury, M. J.
AU - Wood, Chris M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Metals in the Environment Research Network (MITE-RN), which is funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Mining Association of Canada, and Ontario Power Generation. C.M. Wood is supported by the Canada Research Chair Program and B. Baldisserotto received a CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento do Ensino Superior-Brazil) fellowship. We thank Mrs. Soma Niyogi for her technical assistance in the lab, and two anonymous referees for their constructive comments which improved the manuscript.
PY - 2005/3/25
Y1 - 2005/3/25
N2 - The objective of this study was to examine the effects of chronically elevated dietary Ca2+ (as CaCO3), alone and in combination with elevated dietary Cd, on survival, growth, and Cd and Ca2+ accumulation in several internal compartments in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In addition, effects on short-term branchial uptake and internal distribution of newly accumulated waterborne Ca2+ and Cd during acute waterborne Cd exposure (50 μg/L as CdNO3 for 3 h) were monitored using radiotracers (45Ca, 65Cd). Fish were fed with four diets: 20 mg Ca2+/g food (control), 50 mg Ca 2+/g food, 300 μg Cd/g food, and 50 mg Ca2+/g + 300 μg Cd/g food for 30 days. There were no significant effects on growth, mortality, or total body Ca2+ accumulation. The presence of elevated Ca2+, Cd, or Ca2+ + Cd in the diet all reduced waterborne Ca2+ uptake in a short-term experiment (3 h), though the inhibitory mechanisms appeared to differ. The effects were marked after 15 days of feeding, but attenuated by 30 days, except when the diet was elevated in both Ca 2+ and Cd. The presence of elevated Ca2+ in the diet had only modest influence on Cd uptake from the water during acute Cd challenges but greatly depressed Cd uptake from the diet and accumulation in most internal tissues. None of the treatment diets prevented the decreases in waterborne Ca2+ uptake and new Ca2+ accumulation in internal tissues caused by acute exposure to waterborne Cd. In conclusion, there are complex interactions between waterborne and dietary effects of Ca2+ and Cd. Elevated dietary Ca2+ protects against both dietary and waterborne Cd uptake, whereas both waterborne and dietary Cd elevations cause reduced waterborne Ca2+ uptake.
AB - The objective of this study was to examine the effects of chronically elevated dietary Ca2+ (as CaCO3), alone and in combination with elevated dietary Cd, on survival, growth, and Cd and Ca2+ accumulation in several internal compartments in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In addition, effects on short-term branchial uptake and internal distribution of newly accumulated waterborne Ca2+ and Cd during acute waterborne Cd exposure (50 μg/L as CdNO3 for 3 h) were monitored using radiotracers (45Ca, 65Cd). Fish were fed with four diets: 20 mg Ca2+/g food (control), 50 mg Ca 2+/g food, 300 μg Cd/g food, and 50 mg Ca2+/g + 300 μg Cd/g food for 30 days. There were no significant effects on growth, mortality, or total body Ca2+ accumulation. The presence of elevated Ca2+, Cd, or Ca2+ + Cd in the diet all reduced waterborne Ca2+ uptake in a short-term experiment (3 h), though the inhibitory mechanisms appeared to differ. The effects were marked after 15 days of feeding, but attenuated by 30 days, except when the diet was elevated in both Ca 2+ and Cd. The presence of elevated Ca2+ in the diet had only modest influence on Cd uptake from the water during acute Cd challenges but greatly depressed Cd uptake from the diet and accumulation in most internal tissues. None of the treatment diets prevented the decreases in waterborne Ca2+ uptake and new Ca2+ accumulation in internal tissues caused by acute exposure to waterborne Cd. In conclusion, there are complex interactions between waterborne and dietary effects of Ca2+ and Cd. Elevated dietary Ca2+ protects against both dietary and waterborne Cd uptake, whereas both waterborne and dietary Cd elevations cause reduced waterborne Ca2+ uptake.
KW - Cadmium uptake
KW - Calcium uptake
KW - Dietary cadmium
KW - Dietary calcium
KW - Fish
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U2 - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.11.019
DO - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.11.019
M3 - Article
C2 - 15748750
AN - SCOPUS:14644389404
VL - 72
SP - 99
EP - 117
JO - Aquatic Toxicology
JF - Aquatic Toxicology
SN - 0166-445X
IS - 1-2 SPEC. ISS.
ER -