Effect of changes in the composition of seawater on the density-salinity relationship

Frank J. Millero

doi:10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00104-1

Effect of changes in the composition of seawater on the density-salinity relationship

Frank J. Millero

Ocean Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

35 Scopus citations

Abstract

Over the next 5-10 years, the WOCE hydrographic program will generate reliable hydrographic data for the world oceans. The resultant conductivity salinity, temperature, and pressure data will generate calculated densities that will be used to examine mixing along constant density surfaces. Changes in the composition of deep waters due to the breakdown of plant material can effect the calculated densities at a given conductivity salinity. The increases in SiO₂, nitrate, alkalinity, and TCO₂ (or pH) can change the density of seawater as well as the conductivity. For studies of the salinity and density fields over small spatial scales, these changes will be small, but for large scale and ocean to ocean studies the differences can be significant. The density calculations based on the salinity determined from conductivity need to be adjusted for the offsets due to changes in the composition of seawater. This report describes how this correction should be made using existing information. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1583-1590
Number of pages	8
Journal	Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers
Volume	47
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00104-1
State	Published - Aug 2000

Keywords

Density
Sigma-T

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Oceanography
Aquatic Science

Access to Document

10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00104-1

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Effect of changes in the composition of seawater on the density-salinity relationship'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this

@article{22562d5d6d4a431d87665ee46a9387d2,

title = "Effect of changes in the composition of seawater on the density-salinity relationship",

abstract = "Over the next 5-10 years, the WOCE hydrographic program will generate reliable hydrographic data for the world oceans. The resultant conductivity salinity, temperature, and pressure data will generate calculated densities that will be used to examine mixing along constant density surfaces. Changes in the composition of deep waters due to the breakdown of plant material can effect the calculated densities at a given conductivity salinity. The increases in SiO2, nitrate, alkalinity, and TCO2 (or pH) can change the density of seawater as well as the conductivity. For studies of the salinity and density fields over small spatial scales, these changes will be small, but for large scale and ocean to ocean studies the differences can be significant. The density calculations based on the salinity determined from conductivity need to be adjusted for the offsets due to changes in the composition of seawater. This report describes how this correction should be made using existing information. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.",

keywords = "Density, Sigma-T",

author = "Millero, {Frank J.}",

note = "Funding Information: The author wishes to acknowledge the useful comments of Peter Brewer, Al Bradshaw, Alain Poisson and the reviewers of the SCOR report. The author also wishes to acknowledge the members of the SCOR ad hoc WG 102 Implementation Task Team, Dr. Joseph Reid, Dr. Bert Semtner and Dr. Nick Fofonoff. Bob Key has agreed to help implement the calculation of the excess density for the world oceans in a form that can be used by other oceanographers. This will be done using all the synthesized nutrient and carbon dioxide data determined during the WOCE/JGOFS studies. The author's work is supported by the Oceanographic Section of the National Science Foundation. Copyright: Copyright 2004 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.",

year = "2000",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00104-1",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "47",

pages = "1583--1590",

journal = "Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers",

issn = "0967-0637",

publisher = "Elsevier Limited",

number = "8",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of changes in the composition of seawater on the density-salinity relationship

AU - Millero, Frank J.

N1 - Funding Information: The author wishes to acknowledge the useful comments of Peter Brewer, Al Bradshaw, Alain Poisson and the reviewers of the SCOR report. The author also wishes to acknowledge the members of the SCOR ad hoc WG 102 Implementation Task Team, Dr. Joseph Reid, Dr. Bert Semtner and Dr. Nick Fofonoff. Bob Key has agreed to help implement the calculation of the excess density for the world oceans in a form that can be used by other oceanographers. This will be done using all the synthesized nutrient and carbon dioxide data determined during the WOCE/JGOFS studies. The author's work is supported by the Oceanographic Section of the National Science Foundation. Copyright: Copyright 2004 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.

PY - 2000/8

Y1 - 2000/8

N2 - Over the next 5-10 years, the WOCE hydrographic program will generate reliable hydrographic data for the world oceans. The resultant conductivity salinity, temperature, and pressure data will generate calculated densities that will be used to examine mixing along constant density surfaces. Changes in the composition of deep waters due to the breakdown of plant material can effect the calculated densities at a given conductivity salinity. The increases in SiO2, nitrate, alkalinity, and TCO2 (or pH) can change the density of seawater as well as the conductivity. For studies of the salinity and density fields over small spatial scales, these changes will be small, but for large scale and ocean to ocean studies the differences can be significant. The density calculations based on the salinity determined from conductivity need to be adjusted for the offsets due to changes in the composition of seawater. This report describes how this correction should be made using existing information. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

AB - Over the next 5-10 years, the WOCE hydrographic program will generate reliable hydrographic data for the world oceans. The resultant conductivity salinity, temperature, and pressure data will generate calculated densities that will be used to examine mixing along constant density surfaces. Changes in the composition of deep waters due to the breakdown of plant material can effect the calculated densities at a given conductivity salinity. The increases in SiO2, nitrate, alkalinity, and TCO2 (or pH) can change the density of seawater as well as the conductivity. For studies of the salinity and density fields over small spatial scales, these changes will be small, but for large scale and ocean to ocean studies the differences can be significant. The density calculations based on the salinity determined from conductivity need to be adjusted for the offsets due to changes in the composition of seawater. This report describes how this correction should be made using existing information. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

KW - Density

KW - Sigma-T

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0034039099&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0034039099&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00104-1

DO - 10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00104-1

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0034039099

VL - 47

SP - 1583

EP - 1590

JO - Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

JF - Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

SN - 0967-0637

IS - 8

ER -