Abstract
Background: Defective copper regulation, primarily referred to as chelatable redox active Cu(II), has been involved in the etiology of diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objectives: However, no study has determined levels of labile copper non-bound to ceruloplasmin (non-Cp Cu, also known as 'free' copper) in the blood of subjects with diabetes compared with that of AD patients. Methods: To this aim, values of non-Cp Cu were measured in 25 Type 1 (T1D) and 31 Type 2 (T2D) subjects and in28 healthy controls, along with measurements of C-reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin A1c, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Non-Cp Cu levels were compared with those of an AD group previously studied. Results: T2D subjects had significantly higher non-Cp Cu levels than Controls and T1D subjects (both p<0.001 after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index). A multinomial logistic model revealed that a one unit standard deviation increase of non-Cp Cu increased the relative risk of having T2D by 9.64 with respect to Controls (95 CI: 2.86-32.47). The comparison of non-Cp Cu levels in T2D with those of an AD population previously studied shows rising blood non-Cp Cu copper levels from Controls to T2D and AD. Conclusion: These results suggest the involvement of catalytically-active Cu(II) and glucose dysregulation in oxidative stress reactions leading to tissue damage in both diseases.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1055-1064 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Journal of Alzheimer's Disease |
| Volume | 56 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2017 |
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Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease
- copper
- diabetes
- free copper
- Type 1
- Type 2
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Clinical Psychology
- Geriatrics and Gerontology
- Psychiatry and Mental health
Cite this
Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease : Can Elevated Free Copper Predict the Risk of the Disease? / Squitti, Rosanna; Mendez, Armando J; Simonelli, Ilaria; Ricordi, Camillo.
In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, Vol. 56, No. 3, 2017, p. 1055-1064.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease
T2 - Can Elevated Free Copper Predict the Risk of the Disease?
AU - Squitti, Rosanna
AU - Mendez, Armando J
AU - Simonelli, Ilaria
AU - Ricordi, Camillo
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Background: Defective copper regulation, primarily referred to as chelatable redox active Cu(II), has been involved in the etiology of diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objectives: However, no study has determined levels of labile copper non-bound to ceruloplasmin (non-Cp Cu, also known as 'free' copper) in the blood of subjects with diabetes compared with that of AD patients. Methods: To this aim, values of non-Cp Cu were measured in 25 Type 1 (T1D) and 31 Type 2 (T2D) subjects and in28 healthy controls, along with measurements of C-reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin A1c, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Non-Cp Cu levels were compared with those of an AD group previously studied. Results: T2D subjects had significantly higher non-Cp Cu levels than Controls and T1D subjects (both p<0.001 after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index). A multinomial logistic model revealed that a one unit standard deviation increase of non-Cp Cu increased the relative risk of having T2D by 9.64 with respect to Controls (95 CI: 2.86-32.47). The comparison of non-Cp Cu levels in T2D with those of an AD population previously studied shows rising blood non-Cp Cu copper levels from Controls to T2D and AD. Conclusion: These results suggest the involvement of catalytically-active Cu(II) and glucose dysregulation in oxidative stress reactions leading to tissue damage in both diseases.
AB - Background: Defective copper regulation, primarily referred to as chelatable redox active Cu(II), has been involved in the etiology of diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objectives: However, no study has determined levels of labile copper non-bound to ceruloplasmin (non-Cp Cu, also known as 'free' copper) in the blood of subjects with diabetes compared with that of AD patients. Methods: To this aim, values of non-Cp Cu were measured in 25 Type 1 (T1D) and 31 Type 2 (T2D) subjects and in28 healthy controls, along with measurements of C-reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin A1c, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Non-Cp Cu levels were compared with those of an AD group previously studied. Results: T2D subjects had significantly higher non-Cp Cu levels than Controls and T1D subjects (both p<0.001 after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index). A multinomial logistic model revealed that a one unit standard deviation increase of non-Cp Cu increased the relative risk of having T2D by 9.64 with respect to Controls (95 CI: 2.86-32.47). The comparison of non-Cp Cu levels in T2D with those of an AD population previously studied shows rising blood non-Cp Cu copper levels from Controls to T2D and AD. Conclusion: These results suggest the involvement of catalytically-active Cu(II) and glucose dysregulation in oxidative stress reactions leading to tissue damage in both diseases.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - copper
KW - diabetes
KW - free copper
KW - Type 1
KW - Type 2
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85011585614&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85011585614&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3233/JAD-161033
DO - 10.3233/JAD-161033
M3 - Article
C2 - 27983558
AN - SCOPUS:85011585614
VL - 56
SP - 1055
EP - 1064
JO - Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
JF - Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
SN - 1387-2877
IS - 3
ER -