TY - JOUR
T1 - Depression in epilepsy
T2 - Prevalence, clinical semiology, pathogenic mechanisms, and treatment
AU - Kanner, Andres M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Aspects of this work were presented at the conference, “The Diagnosis and Treatment of Mood Disorders in the Medically Ill,” November 12–13, 2002 in Washington, DC. The conference was sponsored by the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance through unrestricted educational grants provided by Abbott Laboratories, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Cyberonics, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Forest Laboratories, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Pharmaceutica Products, Organon Inc., Pfizer Inc, and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals.
Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2003/8/1
Y1 - 2003/8/1
N2 - Depression is the most frequent comorbid psychiatric disorder in epilepsy. Its lifetime prevalence has been estimated at between 6% and 30% in population-based studies and up to 50% among patients followed in tertiary centers. The risk of suicide has been estimated to be 10 times higher than that in the general population. Although no one questions that epilepsy is a risk for depression, recent studies have also revealed that a history of depression is associated with a 4- to 6-fold greater risk of developing epilepsy. These data suggest either a possible "bi-directional" relationship between these two disorders or the presence of common pathogenic mechanisms that facilitate the occurrence of one in the presence of the other. The clinical presentation of depressive disorders in epilepsy can be identical to that of nonepileptic patients and can include major depression, bipolar and dysthymic disorders, and minor depression. In a significant percentage of cases, however, the clinical features of depression in epilepsy fail to meet any of the DSM-IV Axis I categories. Depression in epilepsy may be iatrogenically induced with various antiepileptic drugs used to treat the seizure disorder or after surgical treatment of intractable epilepsy. Despite its relatively high prevalence, depression remains unrecognized and untreated, and unfortunately its treatment is based on empirical and uncontrolled data.
AB - Depression is the most frequent comorbid psychiatric disorder in epilepsy. Its lifetime prevalence has been estimated at between 6% and 30% in population-based studies and up to 50% among patients followed in tertiary centers. The risk of suicide has been estimated to be 10 times higher than that in the general population. Although no one questions that epilepsy is a risk for depression, recent studies have also revealed that a history of depression is associated with a 4- to 6-fold greater risk of developing epilepsy. These data suggest either a possible "bi-directional" relationship between these two disorders or the presence of common pathogenic mechanisms that facilitate the occurrence of one in the presence of the other. The clinical presentation of depressive disorders in epilepsy can be identical to that of nonepileptic patients and can include major depression, bipolar and dysthymic disorders, and minor depression. In a significant percentage of cases, however, the clinical features of depression in epilepsy fail to meet any of the DSM-IV Axis I categories. Depression in epilepsy may be iatrogenically induced with various antiepileptic drugs used to treat the seizure disorder or after surgical treatment of intractable epilepsy. Despite its relatively high prevalence, depression remains unrecognized and untreated, and unfortunately its treatment is based on empirical and uncontrolled data.
KW - Antidepressant drugs
KW - Antiepileptic drugs
KW - Bipolar disorder
KW - Iatrogenic depression
KW - Interictal dysphoric disorder
KW - Major depression
KW - Postictal depression
KW - Preictal depression
KW - Refractory epilepsy
KW - Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
KW - Temporal lobe epilepsy
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U2 - 10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00469-4
DO - 10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00469-4
M3 - Review article
C2 - 12893113
AN - SCOPUS:0141497553
VL - 54
SP - 388
EP - 398
JO - Biological Psychiatry
JF - Biological Psychiatry
SN - 0006-3223
IS - 3
ER -