Depression and anxiety symptoms in Spanish adult patients with cystic fibrosis: Associations with health-related quality of life

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic disease with an impact on the quality of life. Self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed in the Spanish cohort of the International Epidemiological Study on Depression and Anxiety in patients with CF (International Depression-Anxiety Epidemiological Study) and their relationship with health status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was evaluated. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited adult patients with CF at 10 Spanish centers. Patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Revised Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire. Demographic and health data were recorded from medical charts. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety (HADS ≥ 8). Results: Of the 336 participants recruited (mean age, 28.1 years; 48.2% women), 41 (12.2%) had elevated depression-related scores, and 100 (29.7%) had elevated anxiety-related scores (HADS ≥ 8). After adjusting for confounders, only less education, intravenous antibiotics, psychiatric medications and psychotherapy were significantly associated with elevated psychological symptoms. Specifically, regardless of lung function, patients who were depressed or anxious reported worse HRQoL. Conclusions: The prevalence of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety was high in Spanish adult patients with CF, and these symptoms were associated with a decreased HRQoL.