TY - JOUR
T1 - Cytokine influence on simian immunodeficiency virus replication within primary macrophages
T2 - TNF-α, but not GMCSF, enhances viral replication on a per-cell basis
AU - Walsh, D. G.
AU - Horvath, C. J.
AU - Hansen-Moosa, A.
AU - MacKey, J. J.
AU - Sehgal, P. K.
AU - Daniel, M. D.
AU - Desrosiers, R. C.
AU - Ringler, D. J.
PY - 1991
Y1 - 1991
N2 - The control of HIV-1 or SIV replication within macrophages is probably influenced by a variety of viral and cellular factors. Of the cellular factors, the authors have studied cytokine influence on SIV replication in vitro utilizing simian alveolar macrophages and uncloned SIVmacMTV, a macrophage-tropic variant. The approach allowed quantification of viral replication on a per-cell basis. As reported for HIV-1 replication in macrophages, TNF-α significantly increased SIV production in these macrophage cultures. GMCSF also resulted in marked increases in SIV gag protein in culture supernatants. However, after correcting for differences in total cell numbers and numbers of gag-containing cells in the treated and untreated cultures, GMCSF did not upregulate SIV production on a per-cell basis. IL-6 increased SIV replication little if at all but induced significantly greater cytopathic changes in the treated cultures compared with infected, untreated cultures. In contrast, IFN-γ greatly decreased replication. Our results for GMCSF, IFN-γ, and IL-6 are in contrast to previously published reports of cytokine control of HIV-1 growth in target cells, and they stress the importance of cell number analyses and the use of primary cultures in the study of lentiviral replication kinetics in macrophages.
AB - The control of HIV-1 or SIV replication within macrophages is probably influenced by a variety of viral and cellular factors. Of the cellular factors, the authors have studied cytokine influence on SIV replication in vitro utilizing simian alveolar macrophages and uncloned SIVmacMTV, a macrophage-tropic variant. The approach allowed quantification of viral replication on a per-cell basis. As reported for HIV-1 replication in macrophages, TNF-α significantly increased SIV production in these macrophage cultures. GMCSF also resulted in marked increases in SIV gag protein in culture supernatants. However, after correcting for differences in total cell numbers and numbers of gag-containing cells in the treated and untreated cultures, GMCSF did not upregulate SIV production on a per-cell basis. IL-6 increased SIV replication little if at all but induced significantly greater cytopathic changes in the treated cultures compared with infected, untreated cultures. In contrast, IFN-γ greatly decreased replication. Our results for GMCSF, IFN-γ, and IL-6 are in contrast to previously published reports of cytokine control of HIV-1 growth in target cells, and they stress the importance of cell number analyses and the use of primary cultures in the study of lentiviral replication kinetics in macrophages.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 1928304
AN - SCOPUS:0026051752
VL - 139
SP - 877
EP - 887
JO - American Journal of Pathology
JF - American Journal of Pathology
SN - 0002-9440
IS - 4
ER -