Abstract
As a result of cooperative noncovalent bonding interactions (namely, π-π stacking, [CH ··· O] hydrogen bonding, and [CH ··· π] interactions) supramolecular complexes and mechanically interlocked molecular compounds-in particular pseudorotaxanes (precatenanes) and catenanes-self-assemble spontaneously from appropriate complementary components under thermodynamic and kinetic control, respectively. The stereoelectronic information imprinted in the components is crucial in controlling the extent of the formation of the complexes and compounds in the first place; moreover, it has a very significant influence on the relative orientations and motions of the components. In other words, the noncovalent bonding interactions-that is, the driving forces responsible for the self-assembly processes-live on inside the final superstructures and structures, governing both their thermodynamic and kinetic behavior in solution. In an unsymmetrical [2]catenane, for example, changing the constitutions of the aromatic rings or altering the nature of substituents attached to them can drive an equilibrium associated with translational isomerism in the direction of one of two or more possible isomers both in solution and in the solid state. Generally speaking, the slower the components in mechanically interlocked compounds like catenanes and rotaxanes move with respect to each other, the easier it is for them to self-assemble.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1933-1940 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Chemistry - A European Journal |
| Volume | 3 |
| Issue number | 12 |
| State | Published - Dec 1 1997 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Fingerprint
Keywords
- Catenanes
- Molecular recognition
- Pseudorotaxanes
- Supramolecular chemistry
- Translational isomerism
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry(all)
Cite this
Controlling self-assembly. / Gillard, Richard E.; Raymo, Francisco; Stoddart, J. Fraser.
In: Chemistry - A European Journal, Vol. 3, No. 12, 01.12.1997, p. 1933-1940.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Controlling self-assembly
AU - Gillard, Richard E.
AU - Raymo, Francisco
AU - Stoddart, J. Fraser
PY - 1997/12/1
Y1 - 1997/12/1
N2 - As a result of cooperative noncovalent bonding interactions (namely, π-π stacking, [CH ··· O] hydrogen bonding, and [CH ··· π] interactions) supramolecular complexes and mechanically interlocked molecular compounds-in particular pseudorotaxanes (precatenanes) and catenanes-self-assemble spontaneously from appropriate complementary components under thermodynamic and kinetic control, respectively. The stereoelectronic information imprinted in the components is crucial in controlling the extent of the formation of the complexes and compounds in the first place; moreover, it has a very significant influence on the relative orientations and motions of the components. In other words, the noncovalent bonding interactions-that is, the driving forces responsible for the self-assembly processes-live on inside the final superstructures and structures, governing both their thermodynamic and kinetic behavior in solution. In an unsymmetrical [2]catenane, for example, changing the constitutions of the aromatic rings or altering the nature of substituents attached to them can drive an equilibrium associated with translational isomerism in the direction of one of two or more possible isomers both in solution and in the solid state. Generally speaking, the slower the components in mechanically interlocked compounds like catenanes and rotaxanes move with respect to each other, the easier it is for them to self-assemble.
AB - As a result of cooperative noncovalent bonding interactions (namely, π-π stacking, [CH ··· O] hydrogen bonding, and [CH ··· π] interactions) supramolecular complexes and mechanically interlocked molecular compounds-in particular pseudorotaxanes (precatenanes) and catenanes-self-assemble spontaneously from appropriate complementary components under thermodynamic and kinetic control, respectively. The stereoelectronic information imprinted in the components is crucial in controlling the extent of the formation of the complexes and compounds in the first place; moreover, it has a very significant influence on the relative orientations and motions of the components. In other words, the noncovalent bonding interactions-that is, the driving forces responsible for the self-assembly processes-live on inside the final superstructures and structures, governing both their thermodynamic and kinetic behavior in solution. In an unsymmetrical [2]catenane, for example, changing the constitutions of the aromatic rings or altering the nature of substituents attached to them can drive an equilibrium associated with translational isomerism in the direction of one of two or more possible isomers both in solution and in the solid state. Generally speaking, the slower the components in mechanically interlocked compounds like catenanes and rotaxanes move with respect to each other, the easier it is for them to self-assemble.
KW - Catenanes
KW - Molecular recognition
KW - Pseudorotaxanes
KW - Supramolecular chemistry
KW - Translational isomerism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0031457921&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0031457921&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0031457921
VL - 3
SP - 1933
EP - 1940
JO - Chemistry - A European Journal
JF - Chemistry - A European Journal
SN - 0947-6539
IS - 12
ER -