Abstract
Schizotypy is a non-clinical manifestation of the same underlying biological factors that give rise to psychotic disorders (Claridge and Beech, 1995). Research on normative populations scoring high on schizotypy is valuable because it may help elucidate the predisposition to schizophrenia (Jahshan and Sergi, 2007) and because performance is not confounded by issues present in schizophrenia samples. In the current study, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted using several comprehensive measures of schizotypy. As expected and replicating prior research, a four-factor model of schizotypy emerged including a positive, a negative, a cognitive disorganization, and an impulsive nonconformity factor. We also evaluated how each factor related to distinct cognitive biases. In support of hypotheses, increased self-certainty, decreased theory of mind, and decreased source memory were associated with higher scores on the positive factor; decreased theory of mind was associated with higher scores on the negative factor; and increased self-certainty was associated with greater impulsive nonconformity. Unexpectedly, decreased self-certainty and increased theory of mind were associated with greater cognitive disorganization, and decreased source memory was associated with greater impulsive nonconformity. These findings offer new insights by highlighting cognitive biases that may be risk factors for psychosis.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 115-122 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Psychiatry Research |
| Volume | 196 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Mar 30 2012 |
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Keywords
- Psychosis-proneness
- Source memory
- Theory of mind
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
- Biological Psychiatry
Cite this
Associations between cognitive biases and domains of schizotypy in a non-clinical sample. / Aldebot Sacks, Stephanie; Weisman, Amy G; Garcia, Cristina Phoenix.
In: Psychiatry Research, Vol. 196, No. 1, 30.03.2012, p. 115-122.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between cognitive biases and domains of schizotypy in a non-clinical sample
AU - Aldebot Sacks, Stephanie
AU - Weisman, Amy G
AU - Garcia, Cristina Phoenix
PY - 2012/3/30
Y1 - 2012/3/30
N2 - Schizotypy is a non-clinical manifestation of the same underlying biological factors that give rise to psychotic disorders (Claridge and Beech, 1995). Research on normative populations scoring high on schizotypy is valuable because it may help elucidate the predisposition to schizophrenia (Jahshan and Sergi, 2007) and because performance is not confounded by issues present in schizophrenia samples. In the current study, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted using several comprehensive measures of schizotypy. As expected and replicating prior research, a four-factor model of schizotypy emerged including a positive, a negative, a cognitive disorganization, and an impulsive nonconformity factor. We also evaluated how each factor related to distinct cognitive biases. In support of hypotheses, increased self-certainty, decreased theory of mind, and decreased source memory were associated with higher scores on the positive factor; decreased theory of mind was associated with higher scores on the negative factor; and increased self-certainty was associated with greater impulsive nonconformity. Unexpectedly, decreased self-certainty and increased theory of mind were associated with greater cognitive disorganization, and decreased source memory was associated with greater impulsive nonconformity. These findings offer new insights by highlighting cognitive biases that may be risk factors for psychosis.
AB - Schizotypy is a non-clinical manifestation of the same underlying biological factors that give rise to psychotic disorders (Claridge and Beech, 1995). Research on normative populations scoring high on schizotypy is valuable because it may help elucidate the predisposition to schizophrenia (Jahshan and Sergi, 2007) and because performance is not confounded by issues present in schizophrenia samples. In the current study, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted using several comprehensive measures of schizotypy. As expected and replicating prior research, a four-factor model of schizotypy emerged including a positive, a negative, a cognitive disorganization, and an impulsive nonconformity factor. We also evaluated how each factor related to distinct cognitive biases. In support of hypotheses, increased self-certainty, decreased theory of mind, and decreased source memory were associated with higher scores on the positive factor; decreased theory of mind was associated with higher scores on the negative factor; and increased self-certainty was associated with greater impulsive nonconformity. Unexpectedly, decreased self-certainty and increased theory of mind were associated with greater cognitive disorganization, and decreased source memory was associated with greater impulsive nonconformity. These findings offer new insights by highlighting cognitive biases that may be risk factors for psychosis.
KW - Psychosis-proneness
KW - Source memory
KW - Theory of mind
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U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.09.019
DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.09.019
M3 - Article
VL - 196
SP - 115
EP - 122
JO - Psychiatry Research
JF - Psychiatry Research
SN - 0165-1781
IS - 1
ER -