Abstract
To gain insight into the protective effects of the three components of the zidovudine regimen used in AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) 076 on mother-to-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1, 188 zidovudine-treated women and their untreated infants from five HIV-1 obstetric centers were retrospectively studied. The overall rate of mother- to-infant transmission was 12.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.9%- 18.0%). When the 38 women with <200 CD4 cells/μL were excluded, the mother- to-infant transmission rate was 8.8% (95% CI, 4.6%-14.8%). This rate compares favorably with the 8.3% transmission in the zidovudine arm of the ACTG 076 study. Apart from low (<200/μL) maternal CD4 cells (P = .016), no factors, including the duration of zidovudine therapy during gestation and intravenous administration of zidovudine during labor, affected the rate of mother-to-infant transmission. These findings suggest that antenatal oral zidovudine may be as effective as antenatal oral plus intravenous zidovudine during labor and the three-component ACTG 076 regimen in decreasing mother- to-infant HIV-1 transmission.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 971-974 |
Number of pages | 4 |
Journal | Journal of Infectious Diseases |
Volume | 175 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1997 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology and Allergy
- Infectious Diseases