TY - JOUR
T1 - Analysis of signal-to-noise ratio of δ13C-CO2 measurements at carbon capture, utilization and storage injection sites
AU - Galfond, Benjamin
AU - Riemer, Daniel
AU - Swart, Peter
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Dr. Susan Hovorka and Dr. Katherine Romanak of the University of Texas Bureau of Economic Geology for their assistance, without which this project would not have been possible. Funding is provided by the United States Department of Energy grant DE-FE0001580 .
PY - 2015/11/1
Y1 - 2015/11/1
N2 - As new regulations from the United States Environmental Protection Agency require monitoring and accounting for Class VI injection wells, determining the efficacy of monitoring techniques is a crucial barrier to wide scale carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) deployment. The monitoring of CO2 injection sites to ensure safety and operational success requires high temporal resolution CO2 concentration and carbon isotopic (δ13C) measurements. As rapid measurement of δ13C is not possible with standard isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), we have developed a methodology using cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) with a manifold system in order to obtain accurate rapid measurements from a large sample area over an extended study period. A modified Picarro G1101-i CRDS with updated software and an auxiliary laser allows for rapid and continuous field measurement of concentrations and δ13C of carbon dioxide as well as concentrations of water and methane. A manifold system actuated by a 16 position valve allows for an increased sampling region and internet connectivity and software developments permit immediate access to data from a remote location. At a field site in Texas where preparations have been underway for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations, we have been able to observe biogenic effects on a diurnal scale, as well as variation due to precipitation and seasonality. Our system has proven field readiness for the monitoring of sites with modest CO2 flux. These data have been used to improve leak detection thresholds by an order of magnitude over published models.
AB - As new regulations from the United States Environmental Protection Agency require monitoring and accounting for Class VI injection wells, determining the efficacy of monitoring techniques is a crucial barrier to wide scale carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) deployment. The monitoring of CO2 injection sites to ensure safety and operational success requires high temporal resolution CO2 concentration and carbon isotopic (δ13C) measurements. As rapid measurement of δ13C is not possible with standard isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), we have developed a methodology using cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) with a manifold system in order to obtain accurate rapid measurements from a large sample area over an extended study period. A modified Picarro G1101-i CRDS with updated software and an auxiliary laser allows for rapid and continuous field measurement of concentrations and δ13C of carbon dioxide as well as concentrations of water and methane. A manifold system actuated by a 16 position valve allows for an increased sampling region and internet connectivity and software developments permit immediate access to data from a remote location. At a field site in Texas where preparations have been underway for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations, we have been able to observe biogenic effects on a diurnal scale, as well as variation due to precipitation and seasonality. Our system has proven field readiness for the monitoring of sites with modest CO2 flux. These data have been used to improve leak detection thresholds by an order of magnitude over published models.
KW - Carbon capture
KW - Cavity ringdown spectroscopy
KW - Enhanced oil recovery
KW - Signal-to-noise ratio
KW - Stable isotope
KW - Utilization and storage
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.07.007
DO - 10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.07.007
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84940494606
VL - 42
SP - 307
EP - 318
JO - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control
JF - International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control
SN - 1750-5836
ER -