Abstract
Conclusion: The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus (TCR) and the pineal gland hormone and antioxidant melatonin (MLT) have been shown to possess otoprotective properties against noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). In contrast, dexamethasone (DXM) was not effective as an otoprotective agent against NIHL. Further studies are needed to understand the exact molecular mechanisms involved. Objective: Exposure to noise pollution and use of audio devices for long periods of time at high volume is known to cause hearing loss or NIHL. Our goal was to evaluate the effectiveness of various known compounds such as the anti-inflammatory DXM, the antioxidant MLT and the immunosuppressant TCR against NIHL. Materials and methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into groups that were then exposed to intense white noise at 120 dB SPL for 4 h. The day before and for a period of 14 days, test groups were administered one of the three compounds. The efficacy of the compounds against NIHL was determined after examining the shifts in the levels of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and changes in the threshold of auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). Cytocochleograms and determination of gene expression in whole rat cochlea were carried out at day 21. Results: Treatment with DXM had no otoprotective effect, while animals treated with MLT experienced an improvement in their hearing functionality. This effect, which is probably linked to MLT's ability to reduce c-fos and TNF- α gene expression thereby preventing outer hair cell (OHC) loss, was even more pronounced in week 3. For its part, TCR provided protection against injury to the cochlea from week 1, eventually leading to a full recovery in hearing. The compound reduced both c-fos and TNF-α expression, as well as OHC loss.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 385-389 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Acta Oto-Laryngologica |
| Volume | 129 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2009 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- ABR threshold
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antioxidant
- Calcineurin inhibitor
- DPOAE
- Otoprotection
- Rat
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Otorhinolaryngology
Cite this
An experimental comparative study of dexamethasone, melatonin and tacrolimus in noise-induced hearing loss. / Bas Infante, Esperanza; Martinez-Soriano, Francisco; Láinez, José M.; Marco, Jaime.
In: Acta Oto-Laryngologica, Vol. 129, No. 4, 2009, p. 385-389.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - An experimental comparative study of dexamethasone, melatonin and tacrolimus in noise-induced hearing loss
AU - Bas Infante, Esperanza
AU - Martinez-Soriano, Francisco
AU - Láinez, José M.
AU - Marco, Jaime
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Conclusion: The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus (TCR) and the pineal gland hormone and antioxidant melatonin (MLT) have been shown to possess otoprotective properties against noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). In contrast, dexamethasone (DXM) was not effective as an otoprotective agent against NIHL. Further studies are needed to understand the exact molecular mechanisms involved. Objective: Exposure to noise pollution and use of audio devices for long periods of time at high volume is known to cause hearing loss or NIHL. Our goal was to evaluate the effectiveness of various known compounds such as the anti-inflammatory DXM, the antioxidant MLT and the immunosuppressant TCR against NIHL. Materials and methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into groups that were then exposed to intense white noise at 120 dB SPL for 4 h. The day before and for a period of 14 days, test groups were administered one of the three compounds. The efficacy of the compounds against NIHL was determined after examining the shifts in the levels of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and changes in the threshold of auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). Cytocochleograms and determination of gene expression in whole rat cochlea were carried out at day 21. Results: Treatment with DXM had no otoprotective effect, while animals treated with MLT experienced an improvement in their hearing functionality. This effect, which is probably linked to MLT's ability to reduce c-fos and TNF- α gene expression thereby preventing outer hair cell (OHC) loss, was even more pronounced in week 3. For its part, TCR provided protection against injury to the cochlea from week 1, eventually leading to a full recovery in hearing. The compound reduced both c-fos and TNF-α expression, as well as OHC loss.
AB - Conclusion: The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus (TCR) and the pineal gland hormone and antioxidant melatonin (MLT) have been shown to possess otoprotective properties against noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). In contrast, dexamethasone (DXM) was not effective as an otoprotective agent against NIHL. Further studies are needed to understand the exact molecular mechanisms involved. Objective: Exposure to noise pollution and use of audio devices for long periods of time at high volume is known to cause hearing loss or NIHL. Our goal was to evaluate the effectiveness of various known compounds such as the anti-inflammatory DXM, the antioxidant MLT and the immunosuppressant TCR against NIHL. Materials and methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into groups that were then exposed to intense white noise at 120 dB SPL for 4 h. The day before and for a period of 14 days, test groups were administered one of the three compounds. The efficacy of the compounds against NIHL was determined after examining the shifts in the levels of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and changes in the threshold of auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). Cytocochleograms and determination of gene expression in whole rat cochlea were carried out at day 21. Results: Treatment with DXM had no otoprotective effect, while animals treated with MLT experienced an improvement in their hearing functionality. This effect, which is probably linked to MLT's ability to reduce c-fos and TNF- α gene expression thereby preventing outer hair cell (OHC) loss, was even more pronounced in week 3. For its part, TCR provided protection against injury to the cochlea from week 1, eventually leading to a full recovery in hearing. The compound reduced both c-fos and TNF-α expression, as well as OHC loss.
KW - ABR threshold
KW - Anti-inflammatory
KW - Antioxidant
KW - Calcineurin inhibitor
KW - DPOAE
KW - Otoprotection
KW - Rat
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=66349083612&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=66349083612&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/00016480802566279
DO - 10.1080/00016480802566279
M3 - Article
C2 - 19051071
AN - SCOPUS:66349083612
VL - 129
SP - 385
EP - 389
JO - Acta Oto-Laryngologica
JF - Acta Oto-Laryngologica
SN - 0001-6489
IS - 4
ER -