@article{0c2357903b684ae79594742212fa6fc8,
title = "Altered immune cell follicular dynamics in HIV infection following influenza vaccination",
abstract = "HIV infection changes the lymph node (LN) tissue architecture, potentially impairing the immunologic response to antigenic challenge. The tissue-resident immune cell dynamics in virologically suppressed HIV+ patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are not clear. We obtained LN biopsies before and 10 to 14 days after trivalent seasonal influenza immunization from healthy controls (HCs) and HIV+ volunteers on cART to investigate CD4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) and B cell dynamics by flow cytometry and quantitative imaging analysis. Prior to vaccination, compared with those in HCs, HIV+ LNs exhibited an altered follicular architecture, but harbored higher numbers of Tfh cells and increased IgG+ follicular memory B cells. Moreover, Tfh cell numbers were dependent upon preservation of the follicular dendritic cell (FDC) network and were predictive of the magnitude of the vaccine-induced IgG responses. Interestingly, postvaccination LN samples in HIV+ participants had significantly (P = 0.0179) reduced Tfh cell numbers compared with prevaccination samples, without evidence for peripheral Tfh (pTfh) cell reduction. We conclude that influenza vaccination alters the cellularity of draining LNs of HIV+ persons in conjunction with development of antigen-specific humoral responses. The underlying mechanism of Tfh cell decline warrants further investigation, as it could bear implications for the rational design of HIV vaccines.",
author = "Eirini Moysi and Suresh Pallikkuth and {De Armas}, {Lesley R.} and Gonzalez, {Louis E.} and David Ambrozak and Varghese George and David Huddleston and Rajendra Pahwa and Koup, {Richard A.} and Constantinos Petrovas and Savita Pahwa",
note = "Funding Information: Authors would like to thank the personnel of the Tissue Analysis Core at the VRC, NIAID, NIH, for helpful discussions and suggestions; Dr M. Beddall, Immunotechnology Section, VRC, NIAID, NIH, for help with antibody conjugations; and Brenda Hartman (VRC, NIAID, NIH) for expert assistance with graphics. Participant recruitment and sample collection were facilitated by the Clinical Sciences Core of the Miami Center for AIDS Research (Miami CFAR, P30AI073961) and the Clinical Research Center at the University of Miami. Core services and facilities of the Laboratory Sciences Core of the Miami CFAR and the Flow Cytometry Core of the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center of the University of Miami were also utilized for sample processing and analyses. We also thank the study participants for their contribution to this study. This work was supported by NIH grants R56AI106718, R01 AI108472, AI123048, AI127347; and pilot grants from the University of Miami AIDS Institute (to SP). Research support was also provided by the Intramural Research Program of the VRC, NIAID, NIH, and a Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery grant (OP1032325) from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (to RAK).",
year = "2018",
month = jul,
day = "2",
doi = "10.1172/JCI99884",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "128",
pages = "3171--3185",
journal = "Journal of Clinical Investigation",
issn = "0021-9738",
publisher = "The American Society for Clinical Investigation",
number = "7",
}