TY - JOUR
T1 - Aircraft observations of dry air, the itcz, convective cloud systems, and cold pools in MJO during dynamo
AU - Chen, Shuyi S.
AU - Kerns, Brandon W.
AU - Guy, Nick
AU - Jorgensen, David P.
AU - Delanoë, Julien
AU - Viltard, Nicolas
AU - Zappa, Christopher J.
AU - Judt, Falko
AU - Lee, Chia Ying
AU - Savarin, Ajda
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank our colleagues at the NOAA Aircraft Operations Center (AOC; Jim McFadden, the pilots, aircraft crew, and flight directors) and the NCAR Earth Observing Laboratory (EOL; Jim Moore, Jos? ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank our colleagues at the NOAA Aircraft Operations Center (AOC; Jim McFadden, the pilots, aircraft crew, and flight directors) and the NCAR Earth Observing Laboratory (EOL; Jim Moore, Jos? and AWOT software packages courtesy of the Department of Energy ARM Climate Research facility and the NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory, respectively. Comments and suggestions from three anonymous reviewers and Dr. Brian Mapes helped improve the manuscript significantly. This research was supported by grants from NOAA (NA11OAR4310077), NSF (AGS1062242), and ONR (N000141110562).
PY - 2016/3
Y1 - 2016/3
N2 - A major international field campaign supported by the Dynamics of the Madden?Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO), the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability (CINDY), the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) MJO Investigation Experiment (AMIE), and the Littoral Air-Sea Processes (LASP) programs took place over the Indian Ocean with an intensive observing period (IOP) from 1 October 2011 to 15 January 2012. The mobility of the aircraft proves to be vital in capturing some key features, such as the spatial distribution of the large-scale water vapor and the small-scale SST variations associated with convective cold pools, filling a gap from the ship- and land-based station observations. It was found that dry air intrusions from the subtropics may suppress convection in the ITCZ, which is favorable for the onset of the equatorial convection during MJO initiation. Distinct characteristics were found in the convective structure and microphysical properties of MCSs during the suppressed, transition/onset, and active phases of the MJO. The atmospheric boundary layer depth and upper-ocean temperature are higher during the suppressed phase than during the active phase, and the air?sea temperature difference and sensible fluxes are larger during the suppressed phase of the MJO.
AB - A major international field campaign supported by the Dynamics of the Madden?Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO), the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability (CINDY), the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) MJO Investigation Experiment (AMIE), and the Littoral Air-Sea Processes (LASP) programs took place over the Indian Ocean with an intensive observing period (IOP) from 1 October 2011 to 15 January 2012. The mobility of the aircraft proves to be vital in capturing some key features, such as the spatial distribution of the large-scale water vapor and the small-scale SST variations associated with convective cold pools, filling a gap from the ship- and land-based station observations. It was found that dry air intrusions from the subtropics may suppress convection in the ITCZ, which is favorable for the onset of the equatorial convection during MJO initiation. Distinct characteristics were found in the convective structure and microphysical properties of MCSs during the suppressed, transition/onset, and active phases of the MJO. The atmospheric boundary layer depth and upper-ocean temperature are higher during the suppressed phase than during the active phase, and the air?sea temperature difference and sensible fluxes are larger during the suppressed phase of the MJO.
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U2 - 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00196.1
DO - 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00196.1
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84963860836
VL - 97
SP - 405
EP - 423
JO - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
JF - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
SN - 0003-0007
IS - 3
ER -